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a) Ta có:
2A=2.(12+122+123+...+122020+122021)2�=2.12+122+123+...+122 020+122 021
2A=1+12+122+123+...+122019+1220202�=1+12+122+123+...+122 019+122 020
Suy ra: 2A−A=(1+12+122+123+...+122019+122020)2�−�=1+12+122+123+...+122 019+122 020
−(12+122+123+...+122020+122021)−12+122+123+...+122 020+122 021
Do đó A=1−122021<1�=1−122021<1.
Lại có B=13+14+15+1360=20+15+12+1360=6060=1�=13+14+15+1360=20+15+12+1360=6060=1.
Vậy A < B.
A = \(\dfrac{\dfrac{2022}{1}+\dfrac{2021}{2}+\dfrac{2020}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2022}}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023}}\)
Xét TS = \(\dfrac{2022}{1}\) + \(\dfrac{2021}{2}\) \(\dfrac{2020}{3}\) +... + \(\dfrac{1}{2022}\)
TS = (1 + \(\dfrac{2021}{2}\)) + (1 + \(\dfrac{2020}{3}\)) + ... + ( 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{2022}\)) + 1
TS = \(\dfrac{2023}{2}\) + \(\dfrac{2023}{3}\) +...+ \(\dfrac{2023}{2022}\) + \(\dfrac{2023}{2023}\)
TS = 2023.(\(\dfrac{1}{2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) +...+ \(\dfrac{1}{2023}\))
A = \(\dfrac{2023.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023}\right)}{\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023}\right)}\)
A = 2023
S = \(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2021}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2020}\right)\)
= \(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2021}\right)-2.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2020}\right)\)
= \(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2021}\right)-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{1010}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{1}{1011}+\dfrac{1}{1012}+...+\dfrac{1}{2021}\)
c: \(100C=\dfrac{100^{100}+100}{100^{100}+1}=1+\dfrac{99}{100^{100}+1}\)
\(100D=\dfrac{100^{101}+100}{100^{101}+1}=1+\dfrac{99}{100^{101}+1}\)
100^100+1<100^101+1
=>\(\dfrac{99}{100^{100}+1}>\dfrac{99}{100^{101}+1}\)
=>100C>100D
=>C>D
b: \(2020E=\dfrac{2020^{2022}+2020}{2020^{2022}+1}=1+\dfrac{2019}{2020^{2022}+1}\)
\(2020F=\dfrac{2020^{2021}+2020}{2020^{2021}+1}=1+\dfrac{2019}{2020^{2021}+1}\)
2020^2022+1>2020^2021+1(Do 2022>2021)
=>\(\dfrac{2019}{2020^{2022}+1}< \dfrac{2019}{2020^{2021}+1}\)
=>2020E<2020F
=>E<F
a)
`(2x-1)(x+2/3)=0`
\(< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\x+\dfrac{2}{3}=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ < =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
\(\dfrac{x+4}{2019}+\dfrac{x+3}{2020}=\dfrac{x+2}{2021}+\dfrac{x+1}{2022}\)
\(< =>\dfrac{x+4}{2019}+1+\dfrac{x+3}{2020}+1=\dfrac{x+2}{2021}+1+\dfrac{x+1}{2022}+1\)
\(< =>\dfrac{x+2023}{2019}+\dfrac{x+2023}{2020}=\dfrac{x+2023}{2021}+\dfrac{x+2023}{2022}\)
\(< =>\left(x+2023\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2019}+\dfrac{1}{2020}-\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}\right)=0\)
\(< =>x+2023=0\left(\dfrac{1}{2019}+\dfrac{1}{2020}-\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}\ne0\right)\\ < =>x=-2023\)
Bài này xuất hiện trong câu cuối đề GKI năm ngoái của mình :v
-Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{2020}=\dfrac{c}{2022}=\dfrac{a-c}{2020-2022}=\dfrac{a-c}{-2}\\\dfrac{a}{2020}=\dfrac{b}{2021}=\dfrac{a-b}{2020-2021}=\dfrac{a-b}{-1}\\\dfrac{c}{2022}=\dfrac{b}{2021}=\dfrac{c-b}{2022-2021}=c-b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow c-b=-\left(a-b\right)=\dfrac{a-c}{-2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-c=-2\left(c-b\right)\\a-b=-\left(c-b\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(a-c\right)^3+8\left(a-b\right)^2.\left(c-b\right)=\left[-2\left(c-b\right)\right]^3+8\left[-\left(c-b\right)\right]^2.\left(c-b\right)=-8\left(c-b\right)^3+8\left(c-b\right)^3=0\left(đpcm\right)\)
B = \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^3}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2020}}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2021}}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
3.B = 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)+ ... + \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2019}}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2020}}\)
3B - B = 1+\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2019}}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2020}}\) - (\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)+ ... + \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2020}}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{3^{2021}}\))
2B = 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)+...+ \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2019}}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2020}}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)- ...- \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2020}}\)-\(\dfrac{1}{3^{2021}}\)
2B = (1 - \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2021}}\)) + (\(\dfrac{1}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)) + (\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)) +...+ (\(\dfrac{1}{3^{2020}}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2020}}\))
2B = 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2021}}\)
B = (1 - \(\dfrac{1}{3^{2021}}\)) : 2
B = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{2.3^{2021}}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
\(B=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2020}+\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}}{\dfrac{3}{2020}+\dfrac{3}{2021}-\dfrac{3}{2022}}-1=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2020}+\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}}{3\left(\dfrac{1}{2020}+\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}\right)}-1=\dfrac{1}{3}-1=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(B=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2021}+\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}}{\dfrac{3}{2020}+\dfrac{3}{2021}-\dfrac{3}{2022}}-1=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2021}+\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}}{3\left(\dfrac{1}{2020}+\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}\right)}-1=\dfrac{1}{3}-1=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{3}{3}=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)