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\(T\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+x+y+z}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\dfrac{2019}{2}\)
áp dụng BĐT:\(\dfrac{a^2}{x}+\dfrac{b^2}{y}+\dfrac{c^2}{z}\) với a,b,c,x,y,z là số dương
ta có BĐT Bunhiacopxki cho 3 bộ số:\(\left(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{x}};\sqrt{x}\right);\left(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{y}};\sqrt{y}\right);\left(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{z}};\sqrt{z}\right)\)
ta có :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{x}+\dfrac{b^2}{y}+\dfrac{c^2}{z}\left(x+y+z\right)\)\(=\left[\left(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\right]\).\(\left[\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z}\right)^2\right]\)\(\ge\left(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{x}}.\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{y}}.\sqrt{y}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{z}}.\sqrt{z}\right)^2=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
lúc đó ta có :\(\dfrac{a^2}{x}+\dfrac{b^2}{y}+\dfrac{c^2}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)
ta có \(T=\dfrac{x^2}{x+\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{y^2}{y+\sqrt{zx}}+\dfrac{z^2}{z+\sqrt{xy}}\)\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+\sqrt{yz}+y+\sqrt{zx}+z+\sqrt{xy}}\) mà ta có :
\(\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}+\sqrt{xy}\)\(\le\dfrac{x+y}{2}+\dfrac{x+z}{2}+\dfrac{z+y}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}+\sqrt{xy}\le x+y+z\)
\(\Rightarrow T=\dfrac{2019}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=673\)
vậy \(\text{MinT}=\dfrac{2019}{2}\) khi và chỉ khi x=y=z=673
\(1\ge x+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{y}=a\Rightarrow0< a\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{x}{y}\right)^2-\dfrac{2x}{y}+2}{\dfrac{x}{y}+1}=\dfrac{a^2-2a+2}{a+1}=\dfrac{4a^2-8a+8}{4\left(a+1\right)}=\dfrac{4a^2-13a+3+5\left(a+1\right)}{4\left(a+1\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{\left(1-4a\right)\left(3-a\right)}{4\left(a+1\right)}\ge\dfrac{5}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=\dfrac{1}{4}\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};2\right)\)
Anh ơi em nghĩ phải lả \(+\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)thì mới đúng ạ
sửa đề \(M=\frac{x^2+1}{x}+\frac{y^2+1}{y}+\frac{z^2+1}{z}+\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
giải
Áp dụng bđt cô si cho 3 số dương \(x,y,z\)ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+1\ge2\sqrt{x^2}=2x\\y^2+1\ge2\sqrt{y^2}=2y\\z^2+1\ge2\sqrt{z^2}=2z\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2+1}{x}\ge2;\frac{y^2+1}{y}\ge2;\frac{z^2+1}{z}\ge2\)(1)
Áp dụng bđt bunhiacopxki ta có:
\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le3^2\)
Mà \(x,y,z\)nguyên dương
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+y+z}\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(2\right)\)
Lấy (1) + (2) ta được:
\(M\ge2+2+2+\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\frac{19}{3}\)
Dấu"="xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
\(1\ge x+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{x}\ge4\)
\(P=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{2y}{x}+2\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2}{1+\dfrac{y}{x}}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{y}{x}=a\ge4\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{2a^2-2a+1}{a+1}=2a-4+\dfrac{5}{a+1}\)
\(P=\dfrac{a+1}{5}+\dfrac{5}{a+1}+\dfrac{9}{5}.a-\dfrac{21}{5}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{5\left(a+1\right)}{5\left(a+1\right)}}+\dfrac{9}{5}.4-\dfrac{21}{5}=5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=4\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};2\right)\)
Nguyễn Việt Lâm Giáo viên làm thế nào để có thể nghĩ được ra như vậy?
\(K=\left(4xy+\dfrac{1}{4xy}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\right)+\dfrac{5}{4xy}\)
\(K\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{4xy}{4xy}}+\dfrac{4}{x^2+y^2+2xy}+\dfrac{5}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge2+4+5=11\)
\(K_{min}=11\) khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
x+y=1=>y=1-x
\(Q=2x^2-y^2+x+\frac{1}{x}+2020\)\(=2x^2-\left(1-x\right)^2+x+\frac{1}{x}+2020\)\(=2x^2-\left(1-2x+x^2\right)+x+\frac{1}{x}+2020\)\(=2x^2-1+2x-x^2+x+\frac{1}{x}+2020\)
\(=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+2018\)\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+2018\)
Ta có: \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x>0\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 2 số dương \(x\)và \(\frac{1}{x}\):
\(x+\frac{1}{x}\ge2\sqrt{x.\frac{1}{x}}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\ge2+2018=2020\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\x=\frac{1}{x}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x=-1}\)\(\Rightarrow y=1-\left(-1\right)=2\)
Vậy \(minQ=2020\Leftrightarrow x=-1;y=2\)
C47: Dễ thấy x > 1.
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM ta có \(P=\dfrac{x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}}{x-\dfrac{1}{x}}=\dfrac{x^4+1}{x^3-x}=\dfrac{\left(x^2-1\right)^2}{x^3-x}+\dfrac{2x^2}{x^3-x}=\dfrac{x^2-1}{x}+\dfrac{2x}{x^2-1}\ge2\sqrt{2}\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x^2-1}{x}=\dfrac{2x}{x^2-1}\\xy=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}\\y=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}\end{matrix}\right.\).
Vậy Min P = \(2\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}\\y=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
C48: Đề bài là tìm GTLN chứ nhỉ?
Đặt x = a; 2y = b; 3z = c (a, b, c > 0). Khi đó a + b + c = 2.
Ta có \(S=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{ab+2c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{bc+2a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{ca+2b}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}\)
\(\le_{AM-GM}\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{c+a}+\dfrac{b}{c+b}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a}{b+a}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}.3=\dfrac{3}{2}\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a = b = c = \(\dfrac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{3};y=\dfrac{1}{3};z=\dfrac{2}{9}\).
Vậy Max S = \(\dfrac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{3};y=\dfrac{1}{3};z=\dfrac{2}{9}\).