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a/ \(VT\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2}{2\sqrt{a}}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}\right)^2}{2\sqrt{b}}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{2\sqrt{c}}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}=2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{abc}}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
b/ \(VT=\sum\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}}=\sum\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(z+x\right)}}\)
\(VT\le\sum\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{xy}}=\sum\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Bài 1 :
Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số không âm ta có :
\(VT=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge2\left(\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge\left(\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\)
\(+3\sqrt[6]{abc}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Từ giả thiết : \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=1\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=xyz\)
Ta có : \(\sqrt{x+yz}+\sqrt{y+zx}+\sqrt{z+xy}\ge\sqrt{xyz}+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\)
Vì hai vế luôn dương nên ta bình phương hai vế được :
\(\left(\sqrt{x+yz}+\sqrt{y+zx}+\sqrt{z+xy}\right)^2\ge\left(\sqrt{xyz}+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)^2\)
Xét \(\left(\sqrt{x+yz}+\sqrt{y+zx}+\sqrt{z+xy}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)+\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+2\left(\sqrt{x+yz}.\sqrt{y+zx}+\sqrt{y+zx}.\sqrt{z+xy}+\sqrt{z+xy}.\sqrt{x+yz}\right)\)
Xét \(\left(\sqrt{xyz}+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)^2\)
\(=xyz+\left(x+y+z\right)+2\left(x\sqrt{yz}+y\sqrt{xz}+z\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)\)
Suy ra : \(\sqrt{x+yz}.\sqrt{y+zx}+\sqrt{y+zx}.\sqrt{z+xy}+\sqrt{z+xy}.\sqrt{x+yz}\ge\)
\(\ge x\sqrt{yz}+y\sqrt{xz}+z\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\) (*)
Mà theo bất đẳng thức Bunhiacopxki , ta có :
\(\sqrt{\left(x+yz\right)}.\sqrt{y+zx}\ge\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz.zx}=\sqrt{xy}+z\sqrt{xy}\) (1)
\(\sqrt{y+zx}.\sqrt{z+xy}\ge\sqrt{yz}+x\sqrt{yz}\)(2)
\(\sqrt{z+xy}.\sqrt{x+yz}\ge\sqrt{xz}+y\sqrt{xz}\)(3)
Cộng (1) , (2) và (3) theo vế ta được (*) đúng
Vậy bđt ban đầu được chứng minh.
Ta có: \(x^3+y^3\ge xy\left(x+y\right)\Rightarrow1+x^3+y^3\ge xyz+xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x+y+z\right)\ge3xy\sqrt[3]{xyz}=3xy\)(vì xyz = 1)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\sqrt{1+x^3+y^3}}{xy}=\frac{\sqrt{3xy}}{xy}=\sqrt{\frac{3}{xy}}\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{\sqrt{1+y^3+z^3}}{yz}=\sqrt{\frac{3}{yz}}\);\(\frac{\sqrt{1+z^3+x^3}}{zx}=\sqrt{\frac{3}{zx}}\)
Cộng vế với vế, ta được:
\(BĐT=\sqrt{3}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}\right)\)
\(\ge3\sqrt{3}\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2y^2z^2}}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\))
\(\text{Σ}\sqrt{\frac{xy}{xy+z}}=\text{Σ}\sqrt{\frac{xy}{xy\left(x+y+z\right)}}=\text{Σ}\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\)
\(\le\text{Σ}\left(\frac{\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{y}{x+z}}{2}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=1/3
\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-xy+y^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y^2-yz+z^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z^2-zx+x^2}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(x-y\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(y-z\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(y^2+z^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(z-x\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(z^2+x^2\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(y^2+z^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(z^2+x^2\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{2}{x+y}+\frac{2}{y+z}+\frac{2}{z+x}\le\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=1\)
Đặt \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(a^3;b^3;c^3\right)\Rightarrow abc=1\)
\(VT=\sum\frac{\sqrt{1+a^6+b^6}}{a^3b^3}\ge\sum\frac{\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{a^6b^6}}}{a^3b^3}=\sqrt{3}\left(\frac{1}{a^2b^2}+\frac{1}{b^2c^2}+\frac{1}{c^2a^2}\right)\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{3}.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a^2b^2.b^2c^2.c^2a^2}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\) hay \(x=y=z=1\)
1111111111111111111
\(VT=\Sigma\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xy}=3+\Sigma\frac{z\left(x+y\right)}{xy}\)
Đến đây để ý \(\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{z\left(x+y\right)}{xy}+\frac{y\left(z+x\right)}{zx}\right]\ge\sqrt{\frac{\left(z+x\right)\left(x+y\right)}{x^2}}\left(\text{AM - GM}\right)\)
Là xong.
\(3,\)Áp dụng bđt Mincopski \(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{c^2+d^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)^2+\left(b+d\right)^2}\)hai lần có
\(VT\ge\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)^2}+\sqrt{z+xy}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{x+y+z+2\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)+\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{1+2t+t^2}\left(t=\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(t+1\right)^2}=t+1=VP\left(Đpcm\right)\)
\(2,\frac{2\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}\le\frac{2\sqrt{ab}}{2\sqrt{\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{b}}}=\sqrt{\sqrt{ab}}\left(đpcm\right)\)