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a)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_xO_y}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> 80a + b(56x + 16y) = 4,8 (1)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
a------------->a
FexOy + yH2 --to--> xFe + yH2O
b----------------->bx
=> 64a + 56bx = 3,52 (2)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
bx-------------------->bx
=> \(bx=\dfrac{0,892}{22,4}\approx0,04\left(mol\right)\)
(2) => a = 0,02 (mol)
(1) => by = 0,06
Xét \(\dfrac{bx}{by}=\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,06}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
=> CTPT: Fe2O3
=> b = 0,02 (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,02.80=1,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,02.160=3,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) CTPT: Fe2O3
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
0,04<-----------------------0,04
\(m_{Cu}=3,52-0,04.56=1,28\left(g\right)\)
Bảo toàn O: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O\left(oxit\right)}=\dfrac{4,8-3,52}{16}=0,08\left(mol\right)\\n_{O\left(CuO\right)}=n_{Cu}=\dfrac{1,28}{64}=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(n_{O\left(Fe_xO_y\right)}=0,08-0,02=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,02<--------------0,02
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,02.80}{4,8}.100\%=33,33\%\\\%m_{Fe_xO_y}=100\%-33,33\%=66,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, CTHH là FexOy
=> x : y = 0,04 : 0,06 = 2 : 3
=> CTHH là Fe2O3
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,032}{22,4}=0,18\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 ---> FeSO4 + H2
0,18 <------------------------ 0,18
\(\rightarrow n_O=\dfrac{13,92-0,18.56}{16}=0,24\left(mol\right)\)
CTHH: FexOy
=> x : y = 0,18 : 0,24 = 3 : 4
CTHH Fe3O4
nH2= 0,448/22,4= 0,02(mol)
PTHH :
CuO + H2 -tdo--> Cu + H20
FexOy + yH2 -tdo-> xFe + yH20
Cu + HCl --> k pu
Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
0,02 -- 0,04---> 0,02 --- 0,02 (mol)
mFe = 0,02 .56= 1,12(g)
=> mCu = 1,76 - 1,12= 0,64(g)
n Cu = 0,64 /64 =0,01(mol)
PTHH :
CuO + H2 -tdo-> Cu + H20
0,,01 --0,01 ----> 0,01(mol)
mCuO= 0,01 . 80 = 0,8(g)
=> mFexOy = 2,4-0,8= 1,6(g)
PTHH :
FexOy + yH2 ---> xFe + yH20
56x+ 16y ---------> 56x
1,6 (g) -------------> 1,12(g)
<=> 1,6 .56x = 1,12( 56x + 16y)
<=> 89,6x = 62,72 x + 17,92y
<=> 89,6x - 62,72x = 17,92y
<=> 26,88 x = 17,92y
=> x/y= 17,92 / 26,88 =2/3
Vậy công thức đúng là Fe203.
\(V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{4,032}{22,4}=0,18\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
1 : 1 (mol)
0,18 : 0,18 (mol)
\(yCO+Fe_xO_y\rightarrow^{t^0}xFe+yCO_2\uparrow\)
1 : x (mol)
\(\dfrac{0,18}{x}\) 0,18 (mol)
\(M_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{m}{n}=\dfrac{13,92}{\dfrac{0,18}{x}}=\dfrac{232}{3}x\)
\(\Rightarrow56x+16y=\dfrac{232}{3}x\)
\(\Rightarrow16y=\dfrac{64}{3}x\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{16}{\dfrac{64}{3}}=\dfrac{3}{4}\Rightarrow x=3;y=4\)
-Vậy CTHH của oxit sắt là Fe3O4