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\(m_{NaOH}=200.10\%=20\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{20}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2
Mol: 0,5 0,5 0,5
\(m_{Na}=0,5.23=11,5\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{9,2}{23}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(pthh:2Na+2H_2O->2NaOH+H_2\)
0,4 0,4 0,2
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(L\right)\\ m_{NaOH}=0,4.40=16\left(G\right)\)
nNa = 9.2/23 = 0.4 (mol)
2Na + 2H2O => 2NaOH + H2
0.4.........................0.4.......0.2
VH2 = 0.2 * 22.4 = 4.48 (l)
mNaOH = 0.4 * 40 = 16 (g)
mdd = 9.2 + 100 - 0.2 * 2 = 108.8 (g)
C% NaOH = 16 / 108.8 * 100% = 14.71%
PTHH: \(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{9,2}{23}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaOH}=0,4\cdot40=16\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(saup/ứ\right)}=m_{Na}+m_{H_2O}-m_{H_2}=108,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{16}{108,8}\cdot100\%\approx14,71\%\)
2. Ta có: mKOH 20% = \(\frac{200.20}{100}\) = 40g
mKOH 10% = mKOH 20% = 40g
=>mdd KOH 10% = \(\frac{40.100}{10}\) = 400g
=> mH2O = 400 - 200 =200g
\(a.2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\\ b.n_{Na}=\dfrac{9,2}{23}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,4.40=16\left(g\right)\\ c.H_2+CuO-^{t^o}\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\\ n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,15}{1}\Rightarrow H_2dưsauphảnứng\\ n_{H_2\left(pứ\right)}=n_{CuO}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=0,2-0,15=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2\left(Dư\right)}=0,05.2=0,1\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Na}=0.02\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
\(0.02....................0.02........0.01\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.01\cdot22.4=0.224\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{NaOH}=0.02\cdot40=0.8\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0.8}{0.46+200-0.01\cdot2}\cdot100\%=0.4\%\)
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\\ n_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1,8}{18}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,2}{2}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\\ \Rightarrow Nadư\\ n_{Na\left(pứ\right)}=n_{H_2O}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Na\left(dư\right)}=0,2-0,1=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Na}=0,1.23=2,3\left(g\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2O}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
PTHH: 2Na+2H2O=>2 NaOH+H2
nH2SO4=0,2mol
PTHH: 2NaOH+H2SO4=> Na2SO4+2H2O
0,4mol<-0,2mol
=> n NaOH=0,4mol
mà nNaOH=nNa=0,4mol
=> m Na =0,4.23=9,2g
nH2=1/2nNaOH=1/2.0,2=0,1mol
=> V H2=0,1.22,4=2,24ml
2) Kẽm + dd Axit clohidric ---> kẽm clorua + khí hidro
Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
BTKL: mZn + 6 = 13 + 7 ---> mZn = 14 g
1 , a , Axit sunfuric + natri hidroxit -> natri sunfat + nước
\(m_{NaOH}=200.20\%=40\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{40}{40}=1\left(mol\right)\)
2Na + 2H2O ----> 2NaOH + H2
1 1 0,5
\(m_{Na}=1.23=23\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)