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2. Read the texts. Check your answers in exercise 1. Were any of your guesses correct?

(Đọc đoạn văn. Kiểm tra câu trả lời của bạn ở bài tập 1. Có dự đoán nào của bạn đúng không?)

Inventions the world forgot

1. Telhartnonium

The Telharmonium was the world's first electronic musical instrument. It was designed by Thaddeus Cahill in 1897. Music from the instrument was broadcast to people’s homes using a telephone. Before the invention of the radio, people loved these first home concerts. After Cahill's death in 1934, his brother kept one of the three models, but in 1962 it was destroyed. No recordings of the music were kept, so the Telharmonium and its unique sound have disappeared forever.

2. The Writing Ball

Invented in 1865 by Rasmus Malling- Hansen from Denmark, the Writing Ball was a machine for typing onto paper. Its use of electricity made the movement faster. However, you could not see the paper as you were typing. Nevertheless, the Writing Ball was very successful. Since each model was made by hand, it was soon replaced by other cheaper machines produced in factories. A new keyboard with a different key arrangement appeared. The once-popular Writing Ball was forgotten.

3. The Antikythera Mechanism

In 1901, parts of an ancient machine were discovered on a ship near the Greek island of Antikythera. It had been made about 1,900 years earlier, in 2 BCE. For many years after its discovery, nobody understood exactly what the machine was for. In the 1970s, scientists found that this ancient computer had been designed to predict the movements of the sun, the moon and the planets. It did this using more than thirty hand-made metal wheels of different sizes. The remains of the Antikythera mechanism are now kept at the National Archaeological Museum in Athens, together with a number of reconstructions to demonstrate how it may have worked.

 

1
11 tháng 9 2023

Phương pháp giải:

Tạm dịch: 

Phát minh bị thế giới bỏ quên

1. Telharmonium

Telharmonium là nhạc cụ điện tử đầu tiên trên thế giới. Nó được thiết kế bởi Thaddeus Cahill vào năm 1897. Âm nhạc từ nhạc cụ này được phát đến nhà của mọi người bằng điện thoại. Trước khi có sự phát minh của đài radio, mọi người yêu thích những buổi hòa nhạc tại nhà đầu tiên này. Sau cái chết của Cahill vào năm 1934, anh trai của ông vẫn giữ một trong ba mô hình, nhưng vào năm 1962, nó đã bị phá hủy. Không có bản ghi âm nhạc nào được lưu trữ, vì vậy Telharmonium và âm thanh độc đáo của nó đã biến mất vĩnh viễn.

2. Writing Ball

Được phát minh vào năm 1865 bởi Rasmus Malling-Hansen đến từ Đan Mạch, Bóng Bóng Viết là một cỗ máy dùng để đánh máy lên giấy. Việc sử dụng điện làm cho nó chuyển động nhanh hơn. Tuy nhiên, bạn không thể nhìn thấy giấy khi bạn đang đánh máy. Tuy nhiên, Bóng Viết đã rất thành công. Vì mỗi mô hình đều được làm bằng tay nên nó đã sớm bị thay thế bởi các loại máy khác rẻ hơn được sản xuất trong các nhà máy. Một bàn phím mới với cách sắp xếp phím khác đã xuất hiện. Bóng Viết đình đám một thời đã bị lãng quên.

3. Cơ chế Antikythera

Vào năm 1901, các bộ phận của một cỗ máy cổ đại được phát hiện trên một con tàu gần đảo Antikythera của Hy Lạp. Nó đã được tạo ra khoảng 1.900 năm trước đó, vào năm 2 TCN. Trong nhiều năm sau khi được phát hiện, không ai hiểu chính xác chiếc máy này dùng để làm gì. Vào những năm 1970, các nhà khoa học phát hiện ra rằng chiếc máy tính cổ đại này được thiết kế để dự đoán chuyển động của mặt trời, mặt trăng và các hành tinh. Nó đã làm được điều này bằng cách sử dụng hơn ba mươi bánh xe kim loại làm bằng tay với các kích cỡ khác nhau. Phần còn lại của cơ chế Antikythera hiện được lưu giữ tại Bảo tàng Khảo cổ học Quốc gia ở Athens, cùng với một số bản tái tạo để chứng minh nó có thể đã hoạt động như thế nào.

Read the following passage and mark A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to eac of the blanks.American folk music originated with (31)________ people at a time when the rural population was isolated and music was not (32)________ spread by radio, records, or music video. It was (33)_______ by oral traditional and is noted for its energy, humor, and emotional impact. The major source of early American folk songs was music from the British Isles, but songs from Africa as songs of the...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to eac of the blanks.

American folk music originated with (31)________ people at a time when the rural population was isolated and music was not (32)________ spread by radio, records, or music video. It was (33)_______ by oral traditional and is noted for its energy, humor, and emotional impact. The major source of early American folk songs was music from the British Isles, but songs from Africa as songs of the American Indians have significant part in its heritage. Later settler from other countries also contributed songs. In the nineteenth century, composer Steven Foster wrote some of the most enduringly popular of all American songs, (34)_________ soon became part of the folk tradition. Beginning in the 1930s, Woody Guthrie gained great popularity by adapting melodies and lyrics and supplying new ones as well. In the 1950s and 1960s, singer – composers such as Peter Seeger, Bob Dylan, Joan Baez continued this tradition by urban’ folk music. Many of these songs deal (35)________ important social issue, such as racial integration and the war in Vietnam.

Question 34:

A. which

B. this

C. who

D. that

1
3 tháng 10 2018

Đáp án: A

Read the following passage and mark A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to eac of the blanks.American folk music originated with (31)________ people at a time when the rural population was isolated and music was not (32)________ spread by radio, records, or music video. It was (33)_______ by oral traditional and is noted for its energy, humor, and emotional impact. The major source of early American folk songs was music from the British Isles, but songs from Africa as songs of the...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to eac of the blanks.

American folk music originated with (31)________ people at a time when the rural population was isolated and music was not (32)________ spread by radio, records, or music video. It was (33)_______ by oral traditional and is noted for its energy, humor, and emotional impact. The major source of early American folk songs was music from the British Isles, but songs from Africa as songs of the American Indians have significant part in its heritage. Later settler from other countries also contributed songs. In the nineteenth century, composer Steven Foster wrote some of the most enduringly popular of all American songs, (34)_________ soon became part of the folk tradition. Beginning in the 1930s, Woody Guthrie gained great popularity by adapting melodies and lyrics and supplying new ones as well. In the 1950s and 1960s, singer – composers such as Peter Seeger, Bob Dylan, Joan Baez continued this tradition by urban’ folk music. Many of these songs deal (35)________ important social issue, such as racial integration and the war in Vietnam.

Question 33:

A. transferred

B. transformed

C. transmitted

D. transited

1
27 tháng 2 2019

Đáp án: C

Read the following passage and mark A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to eac of the blanks.American folk music originated with (31)________ people at a time when the rural population was isolated and music was not (32)________ spread by radio, records, or music video. It was (33)_______ by oral traditional and is noted for its energy, humor, and emotional impact. The major source of early American folk songs was music from the British Isles, but songs from Africa as songs of the...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to eac of the blanks.

American folk music originated with (31)________ people at a time when the rural population was isolated and music was not (32)________ spread by radio, records, or music video. It was (33)_______ by oral traditional and is noted for its energy, humor, and emotional impact. The major source of early American folk songs was music from the British Isles, but songs from Africa as songs of the American Indians have significant part in its heritage. Later settler from other countries also contributed songs. In the nineteenth century, composer Steven Foster wrote some of the most enduringly popular of all American songs, (34)_________ soon became part of the folk tradition. Beginning in the 1930s, Woody Guthrie gained great popularity by adapting melodies and lyrics and supplying new ones as well. In the 1950s and 1960s, singer – composers such as Peter Seeger, Bob Dylan, Joan Baez continued this tradition by urban’ folk music. Many of these songs deal (35)________ important social issue, such as racial integration and the war in Vietnam.

Question 35:

A. in

B. by

C. with

D. at

1
8 tháng 4 2017

Đáp án: C

Read the following passage and mark A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to eac of the blanks.American folk music originated with (31)________ people at a time when the rural population was isolated and music was not (32)________ spread by radio, records, or music video. It was (33)_______ by oral traditional and is noted for its energy, humor, and emotional impact. The major source of early American folk songs was music from the British Isles, but songs from Africa as songs of the...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to eac of the blanks.

American folk music originated with (31)________ people at a time when the rural population was isolated and music was not (32)________ spread by radio, records, or music video. It was (33)_______ by oral traditional and is noted for its energy, humor, and emotional impact. The major source of early American folk songs was music from the British Isles, but songs from Africa as songs of the American Indians have significant part in its heritage. Later settler from other countries also contributed songs. In the nineteenth century, composer Steven Foster wrote some of the most enduringly popular of all American songs, (34)_________ soon became part of the folk tradition. Beginning in the 1930s, Woody Guthrie gained great popularity by adapting melodies and lyrics and supplying new ones as well. In the 1950s and 1960s, singer – composers such as Peter Seeger, Bob Dylan, Joan Baez continued this tradition by urban’ folk music. Many of these songs deal (35)________ important social issue, such as racial integration and the war in Vietnam.

Question 32:

A. even

B. still

Cuntil

D. yet

1
29 tháng 3 2017

Đáp án: D

Read the following passage and mark A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to eac of the blanks.American folk music originated with (31)________ people at a time when the rural population was isolated and music was not (32)________ spread by radio, records, or music video. It was (33)_______ by oral traditional and is noted for its energy, humor, and emotional impact. The major source of early American folk songs was music from the British Isles, but songs from Africa as songs of the...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to eac of the blanks.

American folk music originated with (31)________ people at a time when the rural population was isolated and music was not (32)________ spread by radio, records, or music video. It was (33)_______ by oral traditional and is noted for its energy, humor, and emotional impact. The major source of early American folk songs was music from the British Isles, but songs from Africa as songs of the American Indians have significant part in its heritage. Later settler from other countries also contributed songs. In the nineteenth century, composer Steven Foster wrote some of the most enduringly popular of all American songs, (34)_________ soon became part of the folk tradition. Beginning in the 1930s, Woody Guthrie gained great popularity by adapting melodies and lyrics and supplying new ones as well. In the 1950s and 1960s, singer – composers such as Peter Seeger, Bob Dylan, Joan Baez continued this tradition by urban’ folk music. Many of these songs deal (35)________ important social issue, such as racial integration and the war in Vietnam.

Question 31:

A. ordinary

B. popular

C. common

D. typical

1
4 tháng 4 2018

Đáp án: A

Read the passage and choose the correct choice. (3 points) Up to about 1915, movies were shot and programs were made up of several works. Then, D.W.Griffith and others began to make longer films that provided the same powerful emotional appeal as did melodrama and presented spectacles far beyond what the theater could offer. Consequently, after World War I increasing numbers of spectators deserted the theater for the movies. This trend was accelerated in the late 1920s as a result of two...
Đọc tiếp
Read the passage and choose the correct choice. (3 points) Up to about 1915, movies were shot and programs were made up of several works. Then, D.W.Griffith and others began to make longer films that provided the same powerful emotional appeal as did melodrama and presented spectacles far beyond what the theater could offer. Consequently, after World War I increasing numbers of spectators deserted the theater for the movies. This trend was accelerated in the late 1920s as a result of two new elements. In 1927 sound was added to the previously silent film, and thus one of the theater's principal claims to superiority vanished. In 1929 a serious economic depression began. Since audiences could go to the movies for a fraction of what it cost to see a play, theater going became a luxury that few could afford, especially as the depression deepened. By the end of World War II, the American theater had been reduced to about thirty theaters in New York City and a small number of touring companies originating there. 1. One thing that movies could do better than the theater was to ______ A. provide longer programs. B. provide emotional appeal. C. provide more melodrama. D. provide greater spectacles. 2. Up to the 1920s one objection to film was that ______ A. they were too short B. they were silent. C. they were too expensive. D. they did not tell a complete 3. One thing that made people choose the movies over the theater was ______ A. World War I. B. the fact that films were less expensive. C. the fact that films were silent. D. the fact that films were shorter. 4. By the end of the World War II, ________. A. theater had become entertainment for the masses. B. the theater was no longer considered a luxury. C. professional theatrical performances were confined mainly to New York D. There were no theatrical performances outside of New York City. 5. When the author of this paragraph says "this trend was accelerated in late 1920s" he means that ________ A. many more people went to the theater than to the movies. B. the shift away from the movies to the theater was slowed down. C. the popularity of the theater was gradually increasing. D. the shift away from the theater to the movies was speeder up.
1
20 tháng 5 2020

Read the passage and choose the correct choice. (3 points)

Up to about 1915, movies were shot and programs were made up of several works. Then, D.W.Griffith and others began to make longer films that provided the same powerful emotional appeal as did melodrama and presented spectacles far beyond what the theater could offer. Consequently, after World War I increasing numbers of spectators deserted the theater for the movies. This trend was accelerated in the late 1920s as a result of two new elements. In 1927 sound was added to the previously silent film, and thus one of the theater's principal claims to superiority vanished. In 1929 a serious economic depression began. Since audiences could go to the movies for a fraction of what it cost to see a play, theater going became a luxury that few could afford, especially as the depression deepened. By the end of World War II, the American theater had been reduced to about thirty theaters in New York City and a small number of touring companies originating there.

1. One thing that movies could do better than the theater was to ______

A. provide longer programs.

B. provide emotional appeal.

C. provide more melodrama.

D. provide greater spectacles.

2. Up to the 1920s one objection to film was that ______

A. they were too short

B. they were silent.

C. they were too expensive.

D. they did not tell a complete

3. One thing that made people choose the movies over the theater was ______

A. World War I.

B. the fact that films were less expensive.

C. the fact that films were silent.

D. the fact that films were shorter.

4. By the end of the World War II, ________.

A. theater had become entertainment for the masses.

B. the theater was no longer considered a luxury. C. professional theatrical performances were confined mainly to New York

D. There were no theatrical performances outside of New York City.

5. When the author of this paragraph says "this trend was accelerated in late 1920s" he means that ________

A. many more people went to the theater than to the movies.

B. the shift away from the movies to the theater was slowed down.

C. the popularity of the theater was gradually increasing.

D. the shift away from the theater to the movies was speeder up.

điền từ vào đoạn văn sau (people,home,health,invitation,excitement,work,mother,page,literature,conversation) Jane Auten was born in 1775.Her father was a parish priest at steventon and her(1).....was a good woman,who worried too much about her(2)......the family was not wealthy and the greatest(3)...that came into their lives was an(4)...to a party at the home of one of their richer neighbors. Of course the young men who danced with jane and the callers who visited her(5)....had no...
Đọc tiếp

điền từ vào đoạn văn sau (people,home,health,invitation,excitement,work,mother,page,literature,conversation)

Jane Auten was born in 1775.Her father was a parish priest at steventon and her(1).....was a good woman,who worried too much about her(2)......the family was not wealthy and the greatest(3)...that came into their lives was an(4)...to a party at the home of one of their richer neighbors.

Of course the young men who danced with jane and the callers who visited her(5)....had no idea that she was watching them and listening to their(6)..with special interest.This was the world and these were the(7)..she portrayed so successfully in her novels

At the time jane was writting the novel was not considered a respectable form of (8)....and it was almost impossible for a woman to publish a book under her own name.When sense and sensibility finally appeared in 1811,the words"by a lady"were printed on the title(9)....in 1833 pride and prejudice was published and it has become her best loved(10).......

1
24 tháng 8 2017

điền từ vào đoạn văn sau (people,home,health,invitation,excitement,work,mother,page,literature,conversation)

Jane Auten was born in 1775.Her father was a parish priest at steventon and her(1)..mother,..was a good woman,who worried too much about her(2)...health...the family was not wealthy and the greatest(3)..excitement.that came into their lives was an(4).invitation..to a party at the home of one of their richer neighbors.

Of course the young men who danced with jane and the callers who visited her(5).home...had no idea that she was watching them and listening to their(6).conversation.with special interest.This was the world and these were the(7)people..she portrayed so successfully in her novels

At the time jane was writting the novel was not considered a respectable form of (8).literature...and it was almost impossible for a woman to publish a book under her own name.When sense and sensibility finally appeared in 1811,the words"by a lady"were printed on the title(9)..page..in 1833 pride and prejudice was published and it has become her best loved(10)...work....

Read the passage and choose the best answers : Louis Braille was born in France in 1809 . His father had a small business . He made shoes and other things from leather . Louis liked to help his father in the store even when he was very small . One day when Louis was 3 years old , he was cutting some leather , suddenly the knife slipped and hit him in the eyes . He soon became completely blind . When he was ten years old , he entered the National Institute for the blind in Paris . One day his...
Đọc tiếp

Read the passage and choose the best answers :

Louis Braille was born in France in 1809 . His father had a small business . He made shoes and other things from leather . Louis liked to help his father in the store even when he was very small . One day when Louis was 3 years old , he was cutting some leather , suddenly the knife slipped and hit him in the eyes . He soon became completely blind .

When he was ten years old , he entered the National Institute for the blind in Paris . One day his class went to visit a speacial exhibit by a captain in the army . One thing in the exhibit was very interesting for Louis . It showed messages in code . Armies send messages in secret codes so no - one else can read them . The captain wrote this code in raised letters on very thick paper .

Louis thought a lot about this code . Then he decided to write in the same way so the blind could " read " with their fingers . It is very difficult to feel the differences between raised letters . Instead of letters , Louis used a " cell " of six dots . He arranged the dots with two dots across and three down . So blind people can read and write even write music by Braille .

1 . It is difficult to feel the differences between ................................

A . arrangements of dots

B . coded messages

C . raised letters

D . a system of raised dots

2 . Louis Braille's father made things from .............................

A . codes

B . exhibit

C. leather

D . wood

3 . Which of these sentences is probably not true ?

A . Braille invented a system of reading for blind people .

B . Braille system is used for everyone .

C . Braille visited an exhibit of codes

D . Braille was an intelligent boy .

4 . When Louis was ten years old , he began to study ......................................

A . at a local school

B . at a special school for the blind .

C . in the army

D . at a university .

1
10 tháng 11 2018

Read the passage and choose the best answers:

Louis Braille was born in France in 1809 . His father had a small business . He made shoes and other things from leather . Louis liked to help his father in the store even when he was very small . One day when Louis was 3 years old , he was cutting some leather , suddenly the knife slipped and hit him in the eyes . He soon became completely blind .

When he was ten years old , he entered the National Institute for the blind in Paris . One day his class went to visit a speacial exhibit by a captain in the army . One thing in the exhibit was very interesting for Louis . It showed messages in code . Armies send messages in secret codes so no - one else can read them . The captain wrote this code in raised letters on very thick paper .

Louis thought a lot about this code . Then he decided to write in the same way so the blind could " read " with their fingers . It is very difficult to feel the differences between raised letters . Instead of letters , Louis used a " cell " of six dots . He arranged the dots with two dots across and three down . So blind people can read and write even write music by Braille .

1 . It is difficult to feel the differences between ................................

A . arrangements of dots

B . coded messages

C . raised letters

D . a system of raised dots

2 . Louis Braille's father made things from .............................

A . codes

B . exhibit

C. leather

D . wood

3 . Which of these sentences is probably not true ?

A . Braille invented a system of reading for blind people .

B . Braille system is used for everyone .

C . Braille visited an exhibit of codes

D . Braille was an intelligent boy .

4 . When Louis was ten years old , he began to study ......................................

A . at a local school

B . at a special school for the blind .

C . in the army

D . at a university .

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets 1. One of my friends was elected as _____(lead) of the campaign group 2. He was unqualufied and totally____(experience) 3. It was the most_____(frighten) experience of my life 4. The number of____(die) in traffic accidents is alarming 5. He is___(fast) the rope instead of loosening it 6. In many families, _____(importance) decisions are made by the men 7. Much to my ____(relieve) the car was not damaged 8. The man was...
Đọc tiếp

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets

1. One of my friends was elected as _____(lead) of the campaign group

2. He was unqualufied and totally____(experience)

3. It was the most_____(frighten) experience of my life

4. The number of____(die) in traffic accidents is alarming

5. He is___(fast) the rope instead of loosening it

6. In many families, _____(importance) decisions are made by the men

7. Much to my ____(relieve) the car was not damaged

8. The man was shot ____(die) by a gunman outside his home

9. None of these sculptures is less than three metres in ___(high)

10. The students have been studying hard in ___(prepare) for the final exam

11. He started to play football ____(profession) after leaving college

12. The is some ___(similar) in the way these two singers sing

13. The were crowds of ____(shop) at the supermarket while i was there last week

14. Finally, the pilot managed to land the plane ___(safe)

15. _____(origin) it was a hotel, but they turned it into a school

16. A good driver always thinks about the ___(safe) of his passengers

17. Study hard from beginning and you will pass the exam ___(easy)

18. They've held the ____(champion) for the past two years

19. I finally managed ___(obtain) a copy of the repor

20. The Radium Institude ____(found) in 1914

21. The man completed his formal ____(educate) three years ago

22. She couldn't bear seeing any human ____(suffer)

23. Their daughter was killed in a ____(tragedy) accident at the age of 15

24. We need to organize many ____(educate) programs for children to take part in

25. Do you believe in life after ____(die)?

1
5 tháng 10 2018

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets

1. One of my friends was elected as _leader__(lead) of the campaign group

2. He was unqualufied and totally__inexperienced__(experience)

3. It was the most__frightening_(frighten) experience of my life

4. The number of__deaths__(die) in traffic accidents is alarming

5. He is_fastening__(fast) the rope instead of loosening it

6. In many families, ___important__(importance) decisions are made by the men

7. Much to my __relief__(relieve) the car was not damaged

8. The man was shot __dead__(die) by a gunman outside his home

9. None of these sculptures is less than three metres in _height__(high)

10. The students have been studying hard in _preparation__(prepare) for the final exam

11. He started to play football ___professionally_(profession) after leaving college

12. The is some _similarities__(similar) in the way these two singers sing

13. The were crowds of __shops__(shop) at the supermarket while i was there last week

14. Finally, the pilot managed to land the plane __safely_(safe)

15. ____Originally_(origin) it was a hotel, but they turned it into a school

16. A good driver always thinks about the __safety_(safe) of his passengers

17. Study hard from beginning and you will pass the exam _easily__(easy)

18. They've held the __championship__(champion) for the past two years

19. I finally managed __to obtain_(obtain) a copy of the repor

20. The Radium Institude __was found__(found) in 1914

21. The man completed his formal __education__(educate) three years ago

22. She couldn't bear seeing any human ___suffering_(suffer)

23. Their daughter was killed in a __tragic__(tragedy) accident at the age of 15

24. We need to organize many __educational__(educate) programs for children to take part in

25. Do you believe in life after __death__(die)?