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Xét: \(x+y+z=xyz\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{xyz}+\frac{y}{xyz}+\frac{z}{xyz}=1\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}+\frac{1}{xy}=1\)
Mặt khác:\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\sqrt{3}\)<=>\(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{2}{xy}+\frac{2}{yz}+\frac{2}{xz}=3\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}\right)=3\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2.1=3\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2=3\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}=1\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{x-y-z}{x}=\frac{-x+y-z}{y}=\frac{-x-y+z}{z}=\frac{x-y-z-x+y-z-x-y+z}{x+y+z}\)\(=\frac{-\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}\)
Nếu \(x+y+z=0\)thì \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=-z\\y+z=-x\\z+x=-y\end{cases}}\)
\(A=\left(1+\frac{y}{x}\right)\left(1+\frac{z}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{x}{z}\right)\)
\(=\frac{x+y}{x}.\frac{y+z}{y}.\frac{z+x}{z}\)
\(=\frac{-z}{x}.\frac{-x}{y}.\frac{-y}{z}=-1\)
Nếu \(x+y+z\ne0\)thì \(\frac{x-y-z}{x}=\frac{-x+y-z}{y}=\frac{-x-y+z}{z}=-1\)
suy ra: \(\frac{x-y-z}{x}=-1\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(x-y-z=-x\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(y+z=2x\)
\(\frac{-x+y-z}{y}=-1\) \(-x+y-z=-y\) \(x+z=2y\)
\(\frac{-x-y+z}{z}=-1\) \(-x-y+z=-z\) \(x+y=2z\)
\(A=\left(1+\frac{y}{x}\right)\left(1+\frac{z}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{x}{z}\right)\)
\(=\frac{x+y}{x}.\frac{y+z}{y}.\frac{x+z}{z}\)
\(=\frac{2z}{x}.\frac{2x}{y}.\frac{2y}{z}=8\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{2015}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\) (do x+y+z = 2015)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-xyz=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)=0\)
đến đây tự lm nốt nha
- Với xyz \(\ne\) 0 ta có:
x + y + z = 0 \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}y+z=-x\\x+y=-z\\x+z=-y\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}(y+z)^2=(-x)^2\\(x+y)^2=(-z)^2\\(x+z)^2=(-y)^2\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}y^2+2yz+z^2=x^2\\x^2+2xy+y^2=z^2\\x^2+2xz+z^2=y^2\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}y^2+z^2-x^2=-2yz\\x^2+y^2-z^2=-2xy\\x^2+z^2-y^2=-2xz\end{cases}}\)
Thay vào P ta được:
P=\(\frac{1}{-2yz}\)\(+\)\(\frac{1}{-2xy}\)\(+\)\(\frac{1}{-2xz}\)\(=\)\(\frac{-x}{2xyz}\)\(+\)\(\frac{-z}{2xyz}\)\(+\)\(\frac{-y}{2xyz}\)\(=\)\(\frac{-(x+y+z)}{2xyz}\)\(=\)0 \((x+y+z=0)\)
Vậy với \(x+y+z=0\)và \(xyz\ne0\)thì \(P=0\)
\(\frac{x}{1+y^2}+\frac{y}{1+z^2}+\frac{z}{1+x^2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{x}{1+y^2}+\frac{y}{1+z^2}+\frac{z}{1+x^2}\right)\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu ''='' chỉ xảy ra khi x=y=z=1
Để mình nghiên cứu giải cách khác
Mình giải áp dụng theo BĐT Nesbit (3 phần tử giống với đề bài )
Mình chứng minh theo Nesbit :
\(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge6\)
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Tao co:\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\Leftrightarrow yz+xz+xy=0\)
\(Suyra:yz=-xz-xy;xz=-yz-xy;xy=-yz-xz\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+2yz=x^2+yz-xz-xy=x\left(x-y\right)-z\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow y^2+2xz=y^2+xz-yz-xy=z\left(x-y\right)-y\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(z-y\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow z^2+2xy=z^2+xy-yz-xz=z\left(z-y\right)-x\left(z-y\right)=\left(z-y\right)\left(z-x\right)\)
\(Thay:\frac{1}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x-y\right)\left(z-y\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(z-y\right)\left(z-x\right)}\)
\(=\frac{z-y+x-z-x+y}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}=0\left(dpcm\right)\)
^^
bài 1 ta có x+y+z=0 suy ra y+z=-x
(-x)2=x2=(y+z)2=y2+2yz+z2
suy ra
\(\frac{1}{y^2+z^2-x^2}=\frac{1}{-2yz}\)
tương tự ta có \(\frac{1}{-2yz}+\frac{1}{-2xy}+\frac{1}{-2xz}=\frac{-1}{2}\left(\frac{x+z+y}{xyz}\right)=\frac{-1}{2}\left(\frac{0}{xyz}\right)\)
bài 2 bạn ghi đề không rõ ràng nên mình không giải
Tại sao lại \(\frac{1}{y^2+z^2-x^2}\)=\(\frac{1}{-2yz}\)
Ta có: \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{xz}+\frac{1}{yz}\right)\)
\(\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2=P+\frac{2\left(z+y+x\right)}{xyz}\)
Mà x+y+z=xyz
=> P+2=3=>P=1
Vậy P=1