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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 55 to 64.
Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty. It can result from high population density, or from low amounts of resources, or from both. Excessively high population densities put stress on available resources. Only a certainnumber of people can be supported on a given area of land, and that number depends on how much food and other resources the land can provide. In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting, and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because these labor-intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food.
In developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and the countries of Western Europe, overpopulation generally is not considered a major cause of poverty. These countries produce large quantities of food through mechanized farming, which depends on commercial fertilizers, large-scale irrigation, and agricultural machinery. This form of production provides enough food to support the high densities of people in metropolitan areas.
A country’s level of poverty can depend greatly on its mix of population density and agricultural productivity. Bangladesh, for example, has one of the world’s highest population densities, with 1,147 persons per sq km. A large majority of the people of Bangladesh engage in low-productivity manual farming, which contributes to the country’s extremely high level of poverty. Some of the smaller countries in Western Europe, such as the Netherlands and Belgium, have high population densities as well. These countries practice mechanized farming and are involved in high-tech industries, however, and therefore have high standards of living.
At the other end of the spectrum, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have population densities of less than 30 persons per sq km. Many people in these countries practice manual subsistence farming; these countries also have infertileland, and lack the economic resources and technology to boost productivity. As a consequence, these nations are very poor. The United States has both relatively low population density and high agricultural productivity; it is one of the world’s wealthiest nations.
High birth rates contribute to overpopulation in many developing countries. Children are assets to many poor families because they provide labor, usually for farming. Cultural norms in traditionally rural societies commonly sanction the value of large families. Also, the governments of developing countries often provide
little or no support, financial or political, for family planning; even people who wish to keep their families small have difficulty doing so. For all these reasons, developing countries tend to have high rates of population growth.
From "Poverty" by Thomas J. Corbett
Which of the following is given a definition in paragraph 1?
- A. Poverty
- B. Population density
- C. Overpopulation
- D. Simple farming
-
Câu 2:
What will suffer when there are excessively high population densities?
- A. Available resources
- B. Farming methods
- C. Land area
- D. Skilled labor
-
Câu 3:
The phrase “that number” in paragraph 1 refers to the number of ______.
- A. resources
- B. countries
- C. people
- D. densities
-
Câu 4:
In certain countries, large areas of land can only yield small amounts of food because ______.
- A. there is an abundance of resources
- B. there is no shortage of skilled labor
- C. there are small numbers of laborers
- D. there is lack of mechanization
-
Câu 5:
Bangladesh is a country where the level of poverty depends greatly on ______.
- A. population density in metropolitan areas
- B. both population density and agricultural productivity
- C. its population density only
- D. its high agricultural productivity
-
Câu 6:
The phrase “engage in” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.
- A. escape from
- B. look into
- C. give up
- D. participate in
-
Câu 7:
The word “ infertile ” in paragraph 4 probably means ______.
- A. impossible
- B. unproductive
- C. disused
- D. inaccessible
-
Câu 8:
Which of the following is TRUE, according to the passage?
- A. In sub-Saharan African countries, productivity is boosted by technology.
- B. There is no connection between a country’s culture and overpopulation.
- C. All small countries in Western Europe have high population densities.
- D. In certain developed countries, mechanized farming is applied.
-
Câu 9:
Which of the following is a contributor to overpopulation in many developing countries?
- A. High-tech facilities
- B. High birth rates
- C. Economic resources
- D. Sufficient financial support
-
Câu 10:
Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
- A. High Birth Rate and its Consequences
- B. Poverty in Developing Countries
- C. Overpopulation: A Worldwide Problem
- D. Overpopulation: A Cause of Poverty
4. Call that polynomial P (x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d
We have P(1)=a+b+c+d=3 (1)
P(2)=8a+4b+2c+d=3 (2)
P(3)=27a+9b+3c+d =7 (3)
P(4)=64a+16b+4c+d =21 (4)
From (1) and (2) => 7a+3b+c=0
From (1) and (4) => 63a+15b+3c=18
=> 12b+6c=-18 => 2b+c=-3
From (1) and (3) =>26a+8b+2c=4=> 13a+4b+c=2
=> 13a+2b=5
It is possible
1. Tiffany và Ryan gửi một số tiền vào tài khoản ngân hàng chung sao cho tổng số dư còn lại 500. Nếu số tiền được gửi bởi Tiffany và Ryan được vẽ dưới dạng biểu đồ tuyến tính trên mặt phẳng xy, hãy tìm khu vực giữa biểu đồ này và trục tọa độ.
2.Một nhóm công nhân đang mở đường. Nếu họ mở 200m đường mỗi ngày, họ sẽ cần thêm 3 ngày nữa. để hoàn thành công việc. Nếu họ mở 240m đường mỗi ngày, họ sẽ hoàn thành công việc trước 2 ngày. Bao lâu là đường, tính bằng mét?
3. Bà Darlie có một chiếc nhẫn bạc, một chiếc nhẫn vàng và một chiếc nhẫn kim cương. Cô đặt chúng lên tay trái. Mỗi chiếc nhẫn có thể nằm trên bất kỳ ngón tay nào trong năm ngón tay. Khi có hai hoặc ba chiếc nhẫn trên cùng một ngón tay, nếu thứ tự chúng được đặt khác nhau, thì đó là một cách khác nhau. Có bao nhiêu cách khác nhau để Lea đặt những chiếc nhẫn này?
4. Đặt P (x) là một đa thức có bậc 3 sao cho P (1) = 3, P (2) = 3, P (3) = 7, P (4) = 21. Tìm giá trị của P (5).
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