a. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-2y=5\\x+2y=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-2y=5\\3x+6y=12\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{9}{4}\\y=\dfrac{7}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b. Đặt a = \(\sqrt{x+1}\); \(b=\sqrt{y-2}\) ta có hệ mới là: 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a-3b=5\\4a+b=17\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}=4\\\sqrt{y-2}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=16\\y-2=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=15\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

`1/4x^2=-1/2x+2`

`<=>x^2=-2x+8`

`<=>x^2+2x+1=9`

`<=>(x+1)^2=9`

`<=>x+1=3` hoặc `x+1=-3`

`<=>x=2`     hoặc `x=-4`

Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\text{=}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2+2\left(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{ac}+\dfrac{1}{bc}\right)\)

\(\text{=}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2+2.\dfrac{c+b-a}{abc}\)

\(\text{=}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2\left(do-a\text{=}b+c\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}}\text{=}\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2}\)

\(\text{=}\left|\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right|\)

Do \(a,b,c\) là các số hữu tỉ khác 0 nên

\(\left|\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right|\) là một số hữu tỉ

\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)

Ta có : 

 P = \(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}}=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2ac}+\dfrac{1}{2ab}-\dfrac{1}{2bc}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2abc}\left(b+c-a\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2}=\left|\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}\right|\) (do a = b + c) 

=> P là số hữu tỉ với a,b,c \(\ne0\)

 P = 

 (do a = b + c) 

=> P là số hữu tỉ với a,b,c