BÀI 6 rút gọn phân thức
\(\dfrac{2(x+1)^{2}}{4x(x+1)}\)
\(\dfrac{(8-x)(-x-2)}{(x+2)^{2}}\)
\(\dfrac{2(x-y)}{y-x} \)
\(\dfrac{(x+2)^{2}}{2x+4}\)
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6:
a: ĐKXĐ: x<>0
\(\dfrac{x^3+3x^2+3x+1}{x^2+x}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^3}{x\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{x}\)
b: ĐKXĐ: x<>1
\(\dfrac{x^3-3x^2+3x-1}{2x-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^3}{2\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{2}\)
c: ĐKXĐ: x<>-2
\(\dfrac{x^2+4x+4}{2x+4}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{2\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+2}{2}\)
d: ĐKXĐ: x<>-2
\(\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(-x-2\right)}{x+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(-x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{x+2}=-x+1\)
e: ĐKXĐ: x<>-y
\(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{x+y}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{x+y}=x-y\)
g: ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{2;-2\right\}\)
\(\dfrac{-3x^2-6x}{4-x^2}=\dfrac{3x^2+6x}{x^2-4}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\cdot\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{3x}{x-2}\)
7:
a: \(\dfrac{2}{5x^3y^2}=\dfrac{2\cdot4}{20x^3y^2}=\dfrac{8}{20x^3y^2}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{4xy}=\dfrac{3\cdot5\cdot x^2y}{20x^3y^2}=\dfrac{15x^2y}{20x^3y^2}\)
b: \(\dfrac{x}{x^2-2xy+y^2}=\dfrac{x}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(\dfrac{x}{x^2-xy}=\dfrac{x}{x\left(x-y\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x-y}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
c: \(\dfrac{1}{x+2}=\dfrac{6}{6\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{2x+4}=\dfrac{2}{2\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x+2}=\dfrac{6}{6\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{3x+6}=\dfrac{3}{3\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{6}{6\left(x+2\right)}\)
d:
\(\dfrac{2}{2x-6}=\dfrac{2}{2\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x-3};\dfrac{3}{3x-9}=\dfrac{3}{3\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x-3}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{2x-6}=\dfrac{1}{x-3}=\dfrac{x+3}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{3x-9}=\dfrac{1}{x-3}=\dfrac{x+3}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x+3}=\dfrac{x-3}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
a) \(\dfrac{x^3-1}{x^2+x+1}=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{x^2+x+1}=x-1\)
b) \(\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{2x^2+xy-y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x^2+xy+x^2-y^2}=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x\left(x+y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{\left(2x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{x+y}{\left(2x-y\right)}\)
c) \(\dfrac{ax^4-a^4x}{a^2+ax+x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{ax\left(x^3-a^3\right)}{a^2+ax+x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{ax\left(x-a\right)\left(a^2+ax+x^2\right)}{a^2+ax+x^2}\)
\(=ax\left(x-a\right)\)
a) \(\dfrac{5x}{10}=\dfrac{x}{2}\)
b) \(\dfrac{4xy}{2y}=2x\left(y\ne0\right)\)
c) \(\dfrac{5x-5y}{3x-3y}=\dfrac{5}{3}\left(x\ne y\right)\)
d) \(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{x+y}=x-y\left(đk:x\ne-y\right)\)
e) \(\dfrac{x^3-x^2+x-1}{x^2-1}=\dfrac{x^2+1}{x+1}\left(đk:x\ne\pm1\right)\)
f) \(\dfrac{x^2+4x+4}{2x+4}=\dfrac{x+2}{2}\left(đk:x\ne-2\right)\)
1. \(\dfrac{x^3-4x^2+4x}{x^2-4}=\dfrac{x\left(x^2-4x+4\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{x\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{x\left(x-2\right)}{x+2}\)
f: \(=\dfrac{5x-3-x+3}{4x^2y}=\dfrac{4x}{4x^2y}=\dfrac{1}{xy}\)
g: \(=\dfrac{3x+10-x-4}{x+3}=\dfrac{2x+6}{x+3}=2\)
h: \(=\dfrac{4-2+x}{x-1}=\dfrac{x+2}{x-1}\)
n: \(=\dfrac{3x-x+6}{x\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(x+3\right)}{x\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{2}{x}\)
p: \(=\dfrac{x^2-9-x^2+9}{x\left(x-3\right)}=0\)
k: \(=\dfrac{x-2x-4+x-2}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{-6}{x^2-4}\)
m: \(=\dfrac{3x-x+6}{x\left(2x+6\right)}=\dfrac{2x+6}{x\left(2x+6\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x}\)
a) ĐKXĐ:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-9\ne0\\x+3\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne\pm3\\x\ne-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x\ne\pm3\)
b) \(A=\dfrac{x+15}{x^2-9}-\dfrac{2}{x+3}\)
\(A=\dfrac{x+15}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}-\dfrac{2\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(A=\dfrac{x+15-2x+6}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(A=\dfrac{21-x}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
c) Thay x = - 1 vào A ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{21-\left(-1\right)}{\left(-1+3\right)\left(-1-3\right)}=\dfrac{21+1}{2\cdot-4}=\dfrac{22}{-8}=-\dfrac{11}{4}\)
a) Ta có: \(P=\left(\dfrac{x^2-2x}{2x^2+8}-\dfrac{2x^2}{8-4x+2x^2-x^3}\right)\cdot\left(1-\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{2}{x^2}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x\left(x-2\right)}{2\left(x^2+4\right)}+\dfrac{2x^2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{x^2-x-2}{x^2}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x-2\right)^2+4x^2}{2\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(x^2-x-2\right)}{x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left[x^2-4x+4+4x\right]}{2\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)}\cdot\dfrac{x^2-x-2}{x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x^2+4\right)}{2\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+1}{2x}\)
b) Thay \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\) vào P, ta được:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{2}+1=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
a) \(\dfrac{2\left(x+1\right)^2}{4x\left(x+1\right)}\left(x\ne0;x\ne-1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x+1\right)^2:2\left(x+1\right)}{4x\left(x+1\right):2\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+1}{2x}\)
b) \(\dfrac{\left(8-x\right)\left(-x-2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\left(x\ne-2\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(8-x\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(8-x\right)}{x+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-8}{x+2}\)
c) \(\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)}{y-x}\left(x\ne y\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)}{-\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=-2\)
d) \(\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{2x+4}\left(x\ne-2\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{2\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+2}{2}\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\neq0;x\neq-1\)
\(\dfrac{2(x+1)^2}{4x(x+1)}=\dfrac{2(x+1)}{4x}=\dfrac{x+1}{2x}\)
$---$
ĐKXĐ: \(x\neq-2\)
\(\dfrac{(8-x)(-x-2)}{(x+2)^2}=\dfrac{-(8-x)(x+2)}{(x+2)^2}=\dfrac{x-8}{x+2}\)
$---$
ĐKXĐ: \(x\neq y\)
\(\dfrac{2(x-y)}{y-x}=\dfrac{-2(y-x)}{y-x}=-2\)
$---$
ĐKXĐ: \(x\neq-2\)
\(\dfrac{(x+2)^2}{2x+4}=\dfrac{(x+2)^2}{2(x+2)}=\dfrac{x+2}{2}\)