1,Chứng minh:
\(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+d}+\frac{c}{d+a}+\frac{d}{a+b}>=2\)
2, Tìm min của D=\(\sqrt{x^2+1}+\sqrt{x^2-2x+5}\)
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1.
\(6=\frac{\sqrt{2}^2}{x}+\frac{\sqrt{3}^2}{y}\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{x+y}=\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{x+y}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y\ge\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{x}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{y}{\sqrt{3}}\\x+y=\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tự giải hệ tìm điểm rơi nếu thích, số xấu quá
2.
\(VT\ge\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\frac{81}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}}\)
Đặt \(x+y+z=t\Rightarrow0< t\le1\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{t^2+\frac{81}{t^2}}=\sqrt{t^2+\frac{1}{t^2}+\frac{80}{t^2}}\ge\sqrt{2\sqrt{\frac{t^2}{t^2}}+\frac{80}{1^2}}=\sqrt{82}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
3.
\(\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{a^3}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\frac{a^6}{b^{15}.a^6}}=\frac{5}{b^3}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{3b^2}{c^5}+\frac{2}{b^3}\ge\frac{5}{a^3}\) ; \(\frac{3c^2}{d^5}+\frac{2}{c^3}\ge\frac{5}{d^3}\) ; \(\frac{3d^2}{a^5}+\frac{2}{d^2}\ge\frac{5}{a^3}\)
Cộng vế với vế và rút gọn ta được: \(3VT\ge3VP\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=d=1\)
4.
ĐKXĐ: \(-2\le x\le2\)
\(y^2=\left(x+\sqrt{4-x^2}\right)^2\le2\left(x^2+4-x^2\right)=8\)
\(\Rightarrow y\le2\sqrt{2}\Rightarrow y_{max}=2\sqrt{2}\) khi \(x=\sqrt{2}\)
Mặt khác do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-2\\\sqrt{4-x^2}\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x+\sqrt{4-x^2}\ge-2\)
\(y_{min}=-2\) khi \(x=-2\)
3a) ta có \(\frac{a^2}{a+b}=a-\frac{ab}{a+b}>=a-\frac{ab}{2\sqrt{ab}}=a-\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{2}\)
vì \(a,b>0,a+b>=2\sqrt{ab}nên\frac{ab}{a+b}< =\frac{ab}{2\sqrt{ab}}\)
tương tự \(\frac{b^2}{b+c}=b-\frac{bc}{b+c}>=b-\frac{bc}{2\sqrt{bc}}=b-\frac{\sqrt{bc}}{2}\)
tương tự \(\frac{c^2}{c+a}=c-\frac{ca}{c+a}>=c-\frac{ca}{2\sqrt{ca}}=c-\frac{\sqrt{ca}}{2}\)
cộng từng vế BĐT ta được \(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}>=a+b+c-\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{2}-\frac{\sqrt{bc}}{2}-\frac{\sqrt{ca}}{2}=\frac{2a+2b+2c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ca}}{2}\left(1\right)\)
giả sử \(\frac{2a+2b+2c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ca}}{2}>=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
<=> \(2a+2b+2c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ca}>=a+b+c\)
<=> \(a+b+c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ca}>=0\)
<=> \(2a+2b+2c-2\sqrt{ab}-2\sqrt{bc}-2\sqrt{ca}>=0\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{c}\right)^2>=0\)
(đúng với mọi a,b,c >0) (2)
(1),(2)=> \(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}>=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
4a) Sử dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM ta có :
\(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}\times\frac{y}{x}}=2\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y > 0
Bài 2:
a) \(\left|x+1\right|+\left|x+2\right|+\left|x+4\right|+\left|x+5\right|-6x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+1\right|+\left|x+2\right|+\left|x+4\right|+\left|x+5\right|=6x\)
Ta có: \(\left|x+1\right|\ge0;\left|x+2\right|\ge0;\left|x+4\right|\ge0;\left|x+5\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+1\right|+\left|x+2\right|+\left|x+4\right|+\left|x+5\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow6x\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+1\right|+\left|x+2\right|+\left|x+4\right|+\left|x+5\right|=x+1+x+2+x+4+x+5=6x\)
\(\Rightarrow4x+12=6x\)
\(\Rightarrow2x=12\)
\(\Rightarrow x=6\)
Vậy x = 6
b) Giải:
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{x-2}{2}=\frac{y-3}{3}=\frac{z-3}{4}=\frac{2y-6}{6}=\frac{3z-9}{12}=\frac{x-2-2y+6+3z-9}{2-6+12}=\frac{\left(x-2y+3z\right)-\left(2-6+9\right)}{8}\)
\(=\frac{14-5}{8}=\frac{9}{8}\)
+) \(\frac{x-2}{2}=\frac{9}{8}\Rightarrow x-2=\frac{9}{4}\Rightarrow x=\frac{17}{4}\)
+) \(\frac{y-3}{3}=\frac{9}{8}\Rightarrow y-3=\frac{27}{8}\Rightarrow y=\frac{51}{8}\)
+) \(\frac{z-3}{4}=\frac{9}{8}\Rightarrow z-3=\frac{9}{2}\Rightarrow z=\frac{15}{2}\)
Vậy ...
c) \(5^x+5^{x+1}+5^{x+2}=3875\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x+5^x.5+5^x.5^2=3875\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x.\left(1+5+5^2\right)=3875\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x.31=3875\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x=125\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x=5^3\)
\(\Rightarrow x=3\)
Vậy x = 3
1,
\(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+d}+\frac{c}{d+a}+\frac{d}{a+b}=\frac{a^2}{ab+ac}+\frac{b^2}{bc+bd}+\frac{c^2}{cd+ca}+\frac{d^2}{da+bd}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)+2ac+2bd}=\frac{2\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)+\left(a+c\right)^2+\left(b+d\right)^2}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)+2ac+2bd}\)
\(\ge\frac{2\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)+4ac+4bd}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)+2ac+2bd}=2\)
\(\sqrt{x^2+1}+\sqrt{\left(1-x\right)^2+2^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(x+1-x\right)^2+\left(1+2\right)^2}=\sqrt{10} .\\ \)
Dấu ''='' \(x=\frac{1}{3}\\ \)
BĐT phụ: \(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{c^2+d^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)^2+\left(b+d\right)^2}\\ \)
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