Tính giá trị biểu thức :
a) 1/1.2.3 + 1/2.3.4 + 1/3.4.5 + ...... + 1/27.28.29
b) 1/1.2.3.4 + 1/2.3.4.5 + 1/3.4.5.6 + ..... + 1/27.28.29.30
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a) \(\frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3.4}+...+\frac{1}{98.99.100}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2}{1.2.3}+\frac{2}{2.3.4}+...+\frac{2}{98.99.100}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{3-1}{1.2.3}+\frac{4-2}{2.3.4}+...+\frac{100-98}{98.99.100}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{3}{1.2.3}-\frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{4}{2.3.4}-\frac{2}{2.3.4}+...+\frac{100}{98.99.100}-\frac{98}{98.99.100}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{98.99}-\frac{1}{99.100}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{9900}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{19800}=\frac{4949}{19800}\)
b) \(\frac{1}{1.2.3.4}+\frac{1}{2.3.4.5}+...+\frac{1}{27.28.29.30}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{3}{1.2.3.4}+\frac{3}{2.3.4.5}+...+\frac{3}{27.28.29.30}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}(\frac{4-1}{1.2.3.4}+\frac{5-2}{2.3.4.5}+...+\frac{30-27}{27.28.29.30})\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}(\frac{4}{1.2.3.4}-\frac{1}{1.2.3.4}+\frac{5}{2.3.4.5}-\frac{2}{2.3.4.5}+...+\frac{30}{27.28.29.30}-\frac{27}{27.28.29.30})\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}(\frac{1}{1.2.3}-\frac{1}{2.3.4}+\frac{1}{2.3.4}-\frac{1}{3.4.5}+...+\frac{1}{27.28.29}-\frac{1}{28.29.30})\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{1.2.3}-\frac{1}{28.29.30}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{24360}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}.\frac{1353}{8120}\)
\(=\frac{451}{8120}\)
Nhận xét: 1/1.2.3 - 1/2.3.4 = 3/1.2.3.4, 1/2.3.4 - 1/3.4.5 =3/2.3.4.5,...,1/27.28.29 - 1/28.29.30
Gọi biểu thức phải tính bằng A,ta tính được:
3A=1/2.3 - 1/28.29.30 = 4059/28.29.30
vậy A = 1353/8120
a)\(\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{n+1}.\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+2}\right)\)=\(\frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}-\frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)= \(\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{n+1}-\frac{1}{n+2}\right)\)
=> a = \(\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\right)\)+\(\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)\)+....+\(\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2018}-\frac{1}{2019}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}\right)\)=\(\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}\right)\)=\(\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\frac{1}{2019.1010}\right)\)=\(\frac{2019.1010-1}{2.2019.2020}\)
b) tương tự \(\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)}=\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)\left(\frac{1}{n+2}-\frac{1}{n+3}\right)\)=\(\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+2}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{n+1}-\frac{1}{n+2}\right)\)-\(\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+3}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{n+1}-\frac{1}{n+3}\right)\)=\(\frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)-\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{n+1}-\frac{1}{n+2}\right)\)+\(\frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{1}{n+2}-\frac{1}{n+3}\right)\)= M-P+N
Với n từ 1 đến 2017 thì
M= \(\frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}\right)+\frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\right)+...\)+\(\frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{1}{2017}-\frac{1}{2018}\right)\)=\(\frac{1}{6}\left(1-\frac{1}{2018}\right)=\frac{2017}{6.2018}\)
N= \(\frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}\right)+...+\)\(\frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}\right)=\)\(\frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{2020}\right)=\frac{2017}{6.3.2020}\)
P= \(\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)+...+\)\(\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{2018}-\frac{1}{2019}\right)\)= \(\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2019}\right)=\frac{2017}{3.2.2019}\)
M+N-P = \(\frac{2017}{6}\left(\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{3.2020}-\frac{1}{2019}\right)\)=\(\frac{2017}{6}.\left(\frac{1}{2018.2019}+\frac{1}{3.2020}\right)\)
= \(\frac{2017\left(1010+1009.673\right)}{3.2018.2019.2020}\)
Đặt \(A=\dfrac{1}{1.2.3.4}+\dfrac{1}{2.3.4.5}+\dfrac{1}{3.4.5.6}+...+\dfrac{1}{27.28.29.30}\)
Ta có:
\(3A=\dfrac{3}{1.2.3.4}+\dfrac{3}{2.3.4.5}+\dfrac{1}{3.4.5.6}+...+\dfrac{1}{27.28.29.30}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=\dfrac{1}{1.2.3}-\dfrac{1}{2.3.4}+\dfrac{1}{2.3.4}-\dfrac{1}{3.4.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{27.28.29}-\dfrac{1}{28.29.30}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=\dfrac{1}{1.2.3}-\dfrac{1}{28.29.30}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{24360}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=\dfrac{1353}{8120}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1353}{\dfrac{8120}{3}}=\dfrac{451}{8120}\)
Vậy \(A=\dfrac{451}{8120}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{1.2.3.4}+\frac{1}{2.3.4.5}+\frac{1}{3.4.5.6}+...+\frac{1}{27.28.29.30}\)
=> \(3A=\frac{3}{1.2.3.4}+\frac{3}{2.3.4.5}+\frac{3}{3.4.5.6}+...+\frac{3}{27.28.29.30}\)
=> \(3A=\frac{1}{1.2.3}-\frac{1}{2.3.4}+\frac{1}{2.3.4}-\frac{1}{3.4.5}+\frac{1}{3.4.5}-\frac{1}{4.5.6}+...+\frac{1}{27.28.29}-\frac{1}{28.29.30}\)
=> \(3A=\frac{1}{1.2.3}-\frac{1}{28.29.30}=\frac{14.29.10-1}{28.29.30}=\frac{4059}{28.29.30}\)
=> \(A=\frac{4059}{28.29.30}:3=\frac{1353}{28.29.30}=\frac{451}{28.29.10}\)
=> \(A=\frac{451}{8120}\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)}=\dfrac{3}{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)}\)
Áp dụng:
\(\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2\cdot3\cdot4}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3\cdot4\cdot5}+...+\dfrac{1}{27\cdot28\cdot29\cdot30}\\ =\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{3}{1\cdot2\cdot3\cdot4}+\dfrac{3}{2\cdot3\cdot4\cdot5}+...+\dfrac{3}{27\cdot28\cdot29\cdot30}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2\cdot3}-\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3\cdot4}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3\cdot4}-\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4\cdot5}+...+\dfrac{1}{27\cdot28\cdot29}-\dfrac{1}{28\cdot29\cdot30}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2\cdot3}-\dfrac{1}{28\cdot29\cdot30}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{24360}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\dfrac{1353}{8120}=\dfrac{451}{8120}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{1.2.3.4}+\dfrac{1}{2.3.4.5}+\dfrac{1}{3.4.5.6}+...+\dfrac{1}{27.28.29.30}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{3}{1.2.3.4}+\dfrac{3}{2.3.4.5}+\dfrac{3}{3.4.5.6}+...+\dfrac{3}{27.28.29.30}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2.3}-\dfrac{1}{2.3.4}+\dfrac{1}{2.3.4}-\dfrac{1}{3.4.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{27.28.29}-\dfrac{1}{28.29.30}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2.3}-\dfrac{1}{28.29.30}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}.\dfrac{4060-1}{28.29.30}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}.\dfrac{4059}{24360}=\dfrac{1353}{24360}=\dfrac{451}{8120}\)
a) \(\frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4.5}+...+\frac{1}{27.28.29}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4}-\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{27.28}-\frac{1}{28.29}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{28.29}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{405}{812}=\frac{405}{1624}\)
Vậy giá trị của biểu thức \(\frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4.5}+...+\frac{1}{27.28.29}=\frac{405}{1624}\)
b) \(\frac{1}{1.2.3.4}+\frac{1}{2.3.4.5}+\frac{1}{3.4.5.6}+...+\frac{1}{27.28.29.30}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}.\left(\frac{1}{1.2.3}-\frac{1}{2.3.4}+\frac{1}{2.3.4}-\frac{1}{3.4.5}+\frac{1}{3.4.5}-\frac{1}{4.5.6}+....+\frac{1}{27.28.29}-\frac{1}{28.29.30}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}.\left(\frac{1}{1.2.3}-\frac{1}{28.29.30}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{1353}{8120}=\frac{451}{8120}\)
Vậy giá trị của biểu thức \(\frac{1}{1.2.3.4}+\frac{1}{2.3.4.5}+\frac{1}{3.4.5.6}+...+\frac{1}{27.28.29.30}=\frac{451}{8120}\)