Tính giá trị của biểu thức sau một cách hợp lí:
\(B = \left( {\frac{{ - 3}}{{13}}} \right) + \frac{{16}}{{23}} + \left( {\frac{{ - 10}}{{13}}} \right) + \frac{5}{{11}} + \frac{7}{{23}}\)
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\(=49\frac{8}{23}-5\frac{7}{32}-14\frac{8}{23}\)
\(=\left(49\frac{8}{23}-14\frac{8}{23}\right)-5\frac{7}{32}\)
\(=35\frac{0}{23}-5\frac{7}{32}\)
\(=\frac{805}{23}-\frac{167}{32}\)
\(\frac{25760}{736}-\frac{3841}{736}\)
\(=\frac{21919}{736}=\frac{953}{32}\)
\(\begin{array}{l}\left( {\frac{{20}}{7}.\frac{{ - 4}}{{ - 5}}} \right) + \left( {\frac{{20}}{7}.\frac{3}{{ - 5}}} \right) = \frac{{20}}{7}.\left( {\frac{{ - 4}}{{ - 5}} + \frac{3}{{ - 5}}} \right)\\ = \frac{{20}}{7}.\left( {\frac{{ - 1}}{{ - 5}}} \right) = \frac{{20}}{7}.\frac{1}{5} = \frac{{20}}{{35}} = \frac{4}{7}\end{array}\)
a)
\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{{13}}{{23}}.\frac{7}{{11}} + \frac{{10}}{{23}}.\frac{7}{{11}}\\ = \frac{7}{{11}}.\left( {\frac{{13}}{{23}} + \frac{{10}}{{23}}} \right)\\ = \frac{7}{{11}}.\frac{23}{23}\\ = \frac{7}{{11}}.1\\ = \frac{7}{{11}}\end{array}\)
b)
\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{5}{9}.\frac{{23}}{{11}} - \frac{1}{{11}}.\frac{5}{9} + \frac{5}{9}\\ = \frac{5}{9}.\left( {\frac{{23}}{{11}} - \frac{1}{{11}} + 1} \right)\\ = \frac{5}{9}.\left( {2 + 1} \right)\\ = \frac{5}{9}.3 = \frac{5}{3}\end{array}\)
c)
\(\begin{array}{l}\left[ {\left( { - \frac{4}{9} + \frac{3}{5}} \right):\frac{{13}}{{17}}} \right] + \left( {\frac{2}{5} - \frac{5}{9}} \right):\frac{{13}}{{17}}\\ = \left( { - \frac{4}{9} + \frac{3}{5}} \right).\frac{{17}}{{13}} + \left( {\frac{2}{5} - \frac{5}{9}} \right).\frac{{17}}{{13}}\\ = \frac{{17}}{{13}}.\left( { - \frac{4}{9} + \frac{3}{5} + \frac{2}{5} - \frac{5}{9}} \right)\\ = \frac{{17}}{{13}}.\left[ {\left( { - \frac{4}{9} - \frac{5}{9}} \right) + \left( {\frac{3}{5} + \frac{2}{5}} \right)} \right]\\ =\frac{{17}}{{13}}. (\frac{-9}{9}+\frac{5}{5})\\= \frac{{17}}{{13}}.\left( { - 1 + 1} \right)\\ = \frac{{17}}{{13}}.0 = 0\end{array}\)
d)
\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{3}{{16}}:\left( {\frac{3}{{22}} - \frac{3}{{11}}} \right) + \frac{3}{{16}}:\left( {\frac{1}{{10}} - \frac{2}{5}} \right)\\ = \frac{3}{{16}}:\left( {\frac{3}{{22}} - \frac{6}{{22}}} \right) + \frac{3}{{16}}:\left( {\frac{1}{{10}} - \frac{4}{{10}}} \right)\\ = \frac{3}{{16}}:\frac{{ - 3}}{{22}} + \frac{3}{{16}}:\frac{{ - 3}}{{10}}\\ = \frac{3}{{16}}.\frac{{ - 22}}{3} + \frac{3}{{16}}.\frac{{ - 10}}{3}\\ = \frac{3}{{16}}.\left( {\frac{{ - 22}}{3} + \frac{{ - 10}}{3}} \right)\\ = \frac{3}{{16}}.\frac{{ - 32}}{3}\\ = - 2\end{array}\)
a) \(\frac{{ - 3}}{7}.\frac{2}{5} + \frac{2}{5}.\left( { - \frac{5}{{14}}} \right) - \frac{{18}}{{35}}\)
\(\begin{array}{l} = \frac{2}{5}.\left( {\frac{{ - 3}}{7} + \frac{{ - 5}}{{14}}} \right) - \frac{{18}}{{35}}\\ = \frac{2}{5}.\left( {\frac{{ - 6}}{{14}} + \frac{{ - 5}}{{14}}} \right) - \frac{{18}}{{35}}\\ = \frac{2}{5}.\frac{{ - 11}}{{14}} - \frac{{18}}{{35}} = \frac{{ - 11}}{{35}} - \frac{{18}}{{35}} = \frac{{ -29}}{{35}}\end{array}\)
b) \(\left( {\frac{2}{3} - \frac{5}{{11}} + \frac{1}{4}} \right):\left( {1 + \frac{5}{{12}} - \frac{7}{{11}}} \right)\)
\(\begin{array}{l} = \left( {\frac{{2.11.4}}{{3.11.4}} - \frac{{5.3.4}}{{11.3.4}} + \frac{{1.3.11}}{{4.3.11}}} \right):\left( {\frac{11.12}{11.12} + \frac{{5.11}}{{12.11}} - \frac{{7.12}}{{11.12}}} \right)\\ = \left( {\frac{{88 - 60 + 33}}{{121}}} \right):\left( { \frac{{121+55 - 84}}{{121}}} \right)\\ = \frac{{61}}{{121}}:\frac{{92}}{{121}} = \frac{{61}}{{121}}.\frac{{121}}{{92}}= \frac{{61}}{{92}}\end{array}\)
c) \(\left( {13,6 - 37,8} \right).\left( { - 3,2} \right)\)
\( = \left( { - 24,2} \right).\left( { - 3,2} \right) = 77,44\)
d) \(\left( { - 25,4} \right).\left( {18,5 + 43,6 - 16,8} \right):12,7\)
\(\begin{array}{l} = \left( { - 25,4} \right).\left( {62,1 - 16,8} \right):12,7\\ = \left( { - 25,4} \right).45,3:12,7\\ = \left( { - 25,4} \right):12,7.45,3\\ = (- 2).45,3 = - 90,6\end{array}\)
a: \(=\dfrac{2}{5}\cdot\left(-\dfrac{3}{7}-\dfrac{5}{14}\right)-\dfrac{18}{35}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{5}\cdot\dfrac{-6-5}{14}-\dfrac{18}{35}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{5}\cdot\dfrac{-11}{14}-\dfrac{18}{35}=-\dfrac{22}{70}-\dfrac{18}{35}=\dfrac{-58}{70}=-\dfrac{29}{35}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{88-60+33}{132}:\dfrac{132+55-84}{132}\)
\(=\dfrac{61}{132}\cdot\dfrac{132}{103}=\dfrac{61}{103}\)
c: \(=-24.2\cdot\left(-3.2\right)=24.2\cdot3.2=77.44\)
d: \(=\dfrac{-25.4}{12.7}\cdot45.3=-2\cdot45.3=-90.6\)
a, \(\frac{3}{8}+\frac{11}{13}-\frac{9}{13}\)
=\(\frac{3}{8}+\frac{2}{13}\)
=\(\frac{55}{104}.\)
b, \(\frac{2}{7}.\left(\frac{5}{9}+\frac{4}{9}\right)+\frac{2}{7}\)
=\(\frac{2}{7}.\frac{9}{9}+\frac{2}{7}\)
=\(\frac{2}{7}+\frac{2}{7}\)
=\(\frac{4}{7}\)
c, \(\frac{3}{11}.\left(\frac{3}{5}-\frac{5}{3}\right)-\frac{3}{10}.\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{5}\right)\)
=\(\frac{3}{11}.-\frac{16}{15}-\frac{3}{10}.-\frac{1}{15}\)
=\(-\frac{16}{55}--\frac{1}{50}\)
=\(-\frac{149}{550}.\)
d, \(\frac{-3}{4}.\frac{11}{23}+\frac{3}{23}.\frac{31}{17}-\frac{3}{17}.\frac{19}{23}\)
=\(-\frac{33}{92}+\frac{93}{391}-\frac{57}{391}\)
=\(-\frac{417}{1564}\)
e, \(\frac{3}{17}.\frac{11}{23}+\frac{3}{23}.\frac{31}{17}-\frac{3}{17}.\frac{19}{23}\)
=\(\frac{33}{391}+\frac{93}{391}--\frac{254}{391}\)
=\(\frac{380}{391}.\)
g, \(\frac{3}{7}.\frac{-5}{12}+\frac{11}{17}:\frac{5}{-12}\)
=\(-\frac{5}{28}+-\frac{132}{85}\)
= \(-1.731512605.\)
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\(\begin{array}{l}B = \left( {\frac{{ - 3}}{{13}}} \right) + \frac{{16}}{{23}} + \left( {\frac{{ - 10}}{{13}}} \right) + \frac{5}{{11}} + \frac{7}{{23}}\\ = \left[ {\left( {\frac{{ - 3}}{{13}}} \right) + \left( {\frac{{ - 10}}{{13}}} \right)} \right] + \left[ {\frac{{16}}{{23}} + \frac{7}{{23}}} \right] + \frac{5}{{11}}\\ = - 1 + 1 + \frac{5}{{11}}\\ = \frac{5}{{11}}\end{array}\)
`B= ( (-3)/13 + (-10)/13) + (16/23 + 7/23 ) +5/11`
`B= -13/13 + 23/23 +5/11`
`B=-1+1+5/11`
`B=0+5/11`
`B=5/11`