Cho ba số dương a,b,c chứng minh rằng:
(a + b + c)\(\left(\dfrac{1}{a}++\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
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\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
=> (a+b).\(\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge\left(a+b\right).\dfrac{4}{a+b}=4\left(dpcm\right)\)
b)\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}\)
=>\(\left(a+b+c\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right).\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}=9\left(dpcm\right)\)
Cách khác:
Đặt \(A=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(A=\left(1+\dfrac{a+b}{a}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{a+b}{b}\right)\)
\(A=\left(2+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\left(2+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\)
\(A=4+2\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)+1\)
\(A\ge4+2\cdot2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}\cdot\dfrac{b}{a}}+1=9\left(AM-GM\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)
( 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{a}\))\(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\) ≥ 9
Biến đổi VT Ta có : VT = \(\dfrac{a+1}{a}.\dfrac{b+1}{b}\)
= \(\dfrac{2a+b}{a}.\dfrac{2b+a}{b}\)
=\(\left(2+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\left(2+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\)
= 4 + \(\dfrac{2a}{b}+\dfrac{2b}{a}+\dfrac{b}{a}.\dfrac{a}{b}\)
= 5 + 2( \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\) ) ( *)
Áp dụng BĐT : \(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\) ≥ 2( x > 0 ; y > 0) ( ** )
Từ ( * ; **) ⇒ 5 + 2( \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\) ) ≥ 5 + 4 = 9 ( đpcm )
Đặt \(P=\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ca\right)^2}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{c\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(bc+ca+ab\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+a\right)+c\left(a+b\right)}\) (BĐT B.C.S)
\(=\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\) \(\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{abbcca}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) (do \(abc=1\)).
ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
BDT
\(x+\dfrac{1}{x}=\left(\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+2\ge2\)
nhân PP vào là ra
\(\left(a+b+c\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge3+2+2+2=9\)
Theo BĐT Cauchy:
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{abc}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}.3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{abc}}=9\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
thử bài bất :D
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{b+c}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}.\dfrac{a^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) ( AM-GM cho 5 số ) (*)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{c+a}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}.\dfrac{b^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(c+a\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (**)
\(\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}.\dfrac{c^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (***)
Cộng (*),(**),(***) vế theo vế ta được:
\(P+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow P+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\)
Mà: \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=3\) ( AM-GM 3 số )
Từ đây: \(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{15}{2}-2\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
1. \(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=2\left(c^3-d^3\right)+c^3+d^3=3c^3-d^3\) :D
Nhìn qua đã biết là đề sai rồi bạn
Cho \(a,b,c\) các giá trị lớn ví dụ \(a=b=c=2\) là thấy sai ngay
cho 3 số dương a,b,c có tổng bằng 1
chứng minh rằng : \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge9\)
Mình bổ sung một cách làm khác nhé.
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 3 số dương \(a,b,c\), ta có \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\) \(\Rightarrow1\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\) (1)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 3 số dương \(\dfrac{1}{a},\dfrac{1}{b},\dfrac{1}{c}\) ta có \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{abc}}\) (2)
Nhân theo vế của các BĐT (1) và (2), ta được \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}.3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{abc}}=9\) (đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(Ta\) có : \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{b}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{c}\)
\(=1+\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{c}{b}+1+\dfrac{a}{c}+\dfrac{b}{c}+1\)
\(=\left(1+1+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)+\left(\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\)
\(Ta\) có : \(\left(\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\ge2\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{ab}-2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-2ab+b^2}{ab}\ge0\)
\(cmt\) \(tương\) \(tự\) \(với\) : \(\left(\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\) \(và\) \(\left(\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\) \(đều\) \(\ge2\) \(như\) \(\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{a}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{b}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{c}\ge9\) \(hay\) \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge9\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\((ab+a+1)^2 \le (a+b+c) \left( a+ a^2b+ \frac 1c \right) = (a+b+c)(a+a^2b+ab)\)
\(\Rightarrow \dfrac{a}{(ab+a+1)^2} \ge \dfrac{a}{(a+b+c)(a+a^2b+ab)}= \dfrac{1}{(a+b+c)(1+ab+b)}\)
Thiết lập các BĐT tương tự rồi cộng theo vế ta có:
\(\sum \dfrac{a}{(ab+a+1)^2} \ge \dfrac{1}{a+b+c} \sum \dfrac{1}{ab+b+1}= \dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\)
c2: Áp dụng BĐT bunyakovsky:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\dfrac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{c}{\left(ac+c+1\right)^2}\right]\ge\left(\dfrac{a}{ab+a+1}+\dfrac{b}{bc+b+1}+\dfrac{c}{ca+c+1}\right)^2\)
Xét \(\dfrac{a}{ab+a+1}+\dfrac{b}{bc+b+1}+\dfrac{c}{ac+c+1}=\dfrac{a}{ab+a+1}+\dfrac{ab}{1+ab+a}+\dfrac{c}{c\left(a+1+ab\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{ab+a+1}{ab+a+1}=1\)
do đó \(\left(a+b+c\right).VT\ge1\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\)
dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
a,b,c là các số dương nên \(\left(a+b+c\right)>=3\cdot\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
\(\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)>=3\cdot\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{a}\cdot\dfrac{1}{b}\cdot\dfrac{1}{c}}\)
Do đó: \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)>=3\cdot\sqrt[3]{abc}\cdot3\cdot\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{a}\cdot\dfrac{1}{b}\cdot\dfrac{1}{c}}=9\cdot\sqrt[3]{a\cdot b\cdot c\cdot\dfrac{1}{a}\cdot\dfrac{1}{b}\cdot\dfrac{1}{c}}=9\)