tim nghiem nguyen cua phuong trinh: \(\left(x^2+1\right)\sqrt{1-x}-\left(2x+x^3\right)\sqrt{x+1}=3x^4\sqrt{2x}\)
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Em xin phép làm bài EZ nhất :)
4,ĐK :\(\forall x\in R\)
Đặt \(x^2+x+2=t\) (\(t\ge\dfrac{7}{4}\))
\(PT\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{t+5}+\sqrt{t}=\sqrt{3t+13}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2t+5+2\sqrt{t\left(t+5\right)}=3t+13\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t+8=2\sqrt{t^2+5t}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t\ge-8\\\left(t+8\right)^2=4t^2+20t\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t\ge\dfrac{7}{4}\\3t^2+4t-64=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t\ge\dfrac{7}{4}\\\left(t-4\right)\left(3t+16\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t\ge\dfrac{7}{4}\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=4\left(tm\right)\\t=-\dfrac{16}{3}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+x+2=4\)\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ....
Ta có:
\(x^2y^2-2x\left(y+2\right)+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2-2xy+4=4x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy-1\right)^2+3=4x\)
Mà \(\left(xy-1\right)^2+3>0\)
Nên 4x>0
x>0
Ta có:
\(x^2y^2-2x\left(y+2\right)+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2+4=2x\left(y+2\right)\)
Mà \(x^2y^2+4>0\forall x,y\)
Nên \(2x\left(y+2\right)>0\)
Mặt khác x>0
nên y+2>0
=> y>-2 (1)
Áp dụng bđt Cosi ta có:
\(x^2y^2+4\ge4xy\)
Mà \(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2+4=2x\left(y+2\right)\)
Nên \(2x\left(y+2\right)\ge4xy\)
\(\Rightarrow y+2\ge2y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y\le2\) (2)
Do y \(\in Z\) và ta đã có (1), (2)
Nên \(y\in\left\{-1;0;1;2\right\}\)
Th1: y = -1
\(\Rightarrow x^2-2x\left(-1+2\right)+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+3=0\left(vl\right)\)
Th2: y = 0
\(\Rightarrow x^2-2x\left(0+2\right)+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+4=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2\) (nhận)
Th3: y = 1
\(\Rightarrow x^2-2x\left(1+2\right)+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2=5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{5}+3\\x=-\sqrt{5}+3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Loại do x \(\in Z\)
Th4: y = 2
\(\Rightarrow x^2-2x\left(2+2\right)+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-8x+4=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{12}+3\\x=-\sqrt{12}+3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Loại do x \(\in Z\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{2;0\right\}\)
\(\sqrt{x^2-\frac{1}{4}-\sqrt{x^2+x+\frac{1}{4}}}=\frac{1}{2}\left(2x^3+x^2+2x+1\right)\) (ĐK: \(x\ge\frac{-1}{2}\) )
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-\frac{1}{4}-\sqrt{\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2}}=\frac{1}{2}\left[2x\left(x^2+1\right)+\left(x^2+1\right)\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-\frac{1}{4}-x-\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+1=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)-\left(2x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(x^2+1-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(2x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x+1=0\\x^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{-1}{2}\\x=0\end{cases}}\) (nhận)
Vậy .....
\(\sqrt{x^2-\frac{1}{4}-\sqrt{x^2+x+\frac{1}{4}}}=\frac{1}{2}\left(2x^3+x^2+2x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-\frac{1}{4}-\sqrt{\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2}}=\frac{1}{2}\left[x^2\left(2x+1\right)+2x+1\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-\frac{1}{4}-\left|x+\frac{1}{2}\right|}=\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)(1)
Vì VT > 0 nên VP >0
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\ge-\frac{1}{2}\)
Khi đó \(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-\frac{1}{4}-x-\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-x-\frac{3}{4}}=\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\left(x^2+1\right)^2\left(2x+1\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x+1\right)-\frac{1}{4}\left(x^2+1\right)^2\left(2x+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(2x-3-\frac{1}{4}\left(x^2+1\right)^2\left(2x+1\right)\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1}{2}\\2x-3=\frac{1}{4}\left(x^2+1\right)^2\left(2x+1\right)\end{cases}}\)
Cần cù bù thông minh , phá tung pt dưới ra được cái phương trình bậc 5, sau đó dùng Wolfram|Alpha: Computational Intelligence để tính nghiệm rồi phân tích nhân tử =))