Cho x > y > 0 và xy=1. Tìm MIN của A= \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{x-y}\)
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\(1,A=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{xy}=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{2xy}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{\left(x+y^2\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}}\ge\frac{4}{1}+\frac{2}{1}=6\)
Dấu "=" <=> x= y = 1/2
\(2,A=\frac{x^2+y^2}{xy}=\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}=\left(\frac{x}{9y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+\frac{8x}{9y}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{9y}.\frac{y}{x}}+\frac{8.3y}{9y}\)
\(=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{9}}+\frac{8.3}{9}=\frac{10}{3}\)
Dấu "=" <=> x = 3y
Ta có :
\(K=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{xy}=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{2xy}\)(1)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}>=\frac{4}{a+b}\)( "=" khi a=b ) , ta có :
\(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}>=\frac{4}{x^2+2xy+y^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}>=\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=\frac{4}{1^2}=4\) (2)
Lại có : \(\left(x-y\right)^2>=0\) ("=" khi x=y )
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2>=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2>=2xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+2xy>=4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2>=4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1>=4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2xy< =\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2xy}>=2\) (3)
Từ (1) , (2) và (3) , suy ra : \(K>=4+2=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+y^2=2xy\\x=y\\x+y=1\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy Min\(K=6\)khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{xy}=t;x,y>0\Rightarrow t\ge2\) khi x=y
\(A=t+\dfrac{1}{t}\ge2+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(A-\dfrac{5}{2}=\left(t-2\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=\left(t-2\right)-\dfrac{\left(t-2\right)}{2t}=\dfrac{\left(2t-1\right)\left(t-2\right)}{2t}\)
\(t\ge2\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2t-1>0\\t-2\ge0\\2t>0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(2t-1\right)\left(t-2\right)}{2t}\ge0\) đẳng thức khi t=2
\(\Rightarrow A-\dfrac{5}{2}\ge0\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\)
Vậy GTNN (A) =5/2 khi x=y
Xét \(B=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức: \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\), ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{x^2+2xy+y^2}=\dfrac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=\dfrac{4}{1^2}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge4\)
Ta có:
\(\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1\ge4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2xy}\ge\dfrac{4xy}{2xy}=2\) (x,y>0)
Khi đó:
\(A=B+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\ge4+2=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{xy}\\ =\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}+\dfrac{2}{4xy}\\ \overset{AM-GM}{\ge}\dfrac{4}{x^2+y^2+2xy}+\dfrac{2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\\ =\dfrac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\dfrac{2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=4+2=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2=2xy\\x=y\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y\)
Vậy \(A_{Min}=6\) khi \(x=y\)
\(\dfrac{2}{xy}=\dfrac{4}{2xy}=\dfrac{1}{2xy}+\dfrac{3}{2xy}\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2-2xy\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2-2xy+4xy\ge4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
Hay \(1\ge2xy.2\)
\(\Rightarrow2xy\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2xy}\ge\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{2}}=2\)
\(M=\dfrac{2}{xy}+\dfrac{3}{x^2+y^2}=\dfrac{4}{2xy}+\dfrac{3}{x^2+y^2}=\dfrac{1}{2xy}+\dfrac{3}{2xy}+\dfrac{3}{x^2+y^2}\)
\(\ge2+3.\left(\dfrac{1}{2xy}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cosy
\(\ge2+3.\left(\dfrac{4}{2xy+x^2+y^2}\right)\)= 2 + 12 = 14
Vậy Min M =14 khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2+2xy}{x-y}=x-y+\dfrac{2xy}{x-y}=x-y+\dfrac{2}{x-y}>=2\sqrt{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}}{2}\\y=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)