Tìm các số nguyên x,y biết rằng
\(\dfrac{3-x}{y-4}\)= \(\dfrac{2}{5}\) và 2x+y= 0
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2) Ta có: \(\left(2x+1\right).\left(3y-2\right)=-55=\left(-1\right).55=1.\left(-55\right)=\left(-5\right).11=5.\left(-11\right)\)
- Ta có bảng giá trị:
\(2x+1\) | \(-55\) | \(-11\) | \(-5\) | \(-1\) | \(1\) | \(5\) | \(11\) | \(55\) |
\(3y-2\) | \(1\) | \(5\) | \(11\) | \(55\) | \(-55\) | \(-11\) | \(-5\) | \(-1\) |
\(x\) | \(-28\) | \(-6\) | \(-3\) | \(-1\) | \(0\) | \(2\) | \(5\) | \(27\) |
\(y\) | \(1\) | \(\frac{7}{3}\) | \(\frac{13}{3}\) | \(19\) | \(-\frac{53}{3}\) | \(-3\) | \(-1\) | \(\frac{1}{3}\) |
\(\left(TM\right)\) | \(\left(L\right)\) | \(\left(L\right)\) | \(\left(TM\right)\) | \(\left(L\right)\) | \(\left(TM\right)\) | \(\left(TM\right)\) | \(\left(L\right)\) |
Vậy \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(-28,1\right);\left(-1,19\right);\left(2,-3\right);\left(5,-1\right)\right\}\)
3) Ta có: \(\left(x-2\right).\left(y+3\right)=5=\left(-1\right).\left(-5\right)=1.5\)
- Ta có bảng giá trị:
\(x-2\) | \(-1\) | \(1\) | \(-5\) | \(5\) |
\(y+3\) | \(-5\) | \(5\) | \(-1\) | \(1\) |
\(x\) | \(1\) | \(3\) | \(-3\) | \(7\) |
\(y\) | \(-8\) | \(2\) | \(-4\) | \(-2\) |
\(\left(TM\right)\) | \(\left(TM\right)\) | \(\left(TM\right)\) | \(\left(TM\right)\) |
Vậy \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(1,-8\right);\left(3,2\right);\left(-3,-4\right);\left(7,-2\right)\right\}\)
4) Ta có: \(\left(2x+3\right).\left(y-5\right)=10=\left(-1\right).\left(-10\right)=1.10=\left(-2\right).\left(-5\right)=2.5\)
- Vì \(x\in Z\)mà \(2x+3\)là số lẻ \(\Rightarrow\)\(2x+3\in\left\{-1,1,-5,5\right\}\)
- Ta có bảng giá trị:
\(2x+3\) | \(-1\) | \(1\) | \(-5\) | \(5\) |
\(y-5\) | \(-10\) | \(11\) | \(-2\) | \(2\) |
\(x\) | \(-2\) | \(-1\) | \(-4\) | \(1\) |
\(y\) | \(-5\) | \(16\) | \(3\) | \(7\) |
\(\left(TM\right)\) | \(\left(TM\right)\) | \(\left(TM\right)\) | \(\left(TM\right)\) |
Vậy \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(-2,-5\right);\left(-1,16\right);\left(-4,3\right);\left(1,7\right)\right\}\)
a)(x+1)(y-2)=3
x+1;y-2 thuộc Ư(3){1;-1;3;-3}
ta có bảng sau :
x-1 | 1 | -1 | 3 | -3 |
x | 2 | 0 | 4 | -2 |
y-2 | 1 | -1 | 3 | -3 |
y | 3 | 1 | 5 | -1 |
vậy cặp x;y thuộc {(2;3);(0;1);(4;5);(-2;-1)}
Theo đề, ta có: \(\dfrac{1+2x}{18}=\dfrac{1+4x}{34}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow34\left(1+2x\right)=18\left(1+4x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow34+68x=18+72x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow34-18=72x-68x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16=4x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=4\)
Khi \(x=4\) vào ta có: \(\dfrac{1+4.4}{34}=\dfrac{1+6.4}{2y^2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{25}{2y^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2y^2=50\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2=50\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=\pm5\)
Bài làm:
a) \(\left|\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{5}{2}\right|-1=-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{5}{2}\right|=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{5}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\\\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{5}{2}=-\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{2}x=3\\\frac{1}{2}x=2\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=6\\x=4\end{cases}}\)
+ Nếu x = 6
\(\left|12-\frac{1}{3}y\right|=\frac{5}{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}12-\frac{1}{3}y=\frac{5}{6}\\12-\frac{1}{3}y=-\frac{5}{6}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{3}y=\frac{67}{6}\\\frac{1}{3}y=\frac{77}{6}\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=\frac{67}{2}\\y=\frac{77}{2}\end{cases}}\)
+ Nếu x = 4
\(\left|8-\frac{1}{3}y\right|=\frac{5}{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}8-\frac{1}{3}y=\frac{5}{6}\\8-\frac{1}{3}y=-\frac{5}{6}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{3}y=\frac{43}{6}\\\frac{1}{3}y=\frac{53}{6}\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=\frac{43}{2}\\y=\frac{53}{2}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy ta có 4 cặp số (x;y) thỏa mãn: \(\left(6;\frac{67}{2}\right);\left(6;\frac{77}{2}\right);\left(4;\frac{43}{2}\right);\left(4;\frac{53}{2}\right)\)
b) \(\frac{3}{2}x-\frac{1}{2}\left(x-\frac{2}{3}\right)=\frac{5}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{2}x-\frac{1}{2}x+\frac{1}{3}=\frac{5}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{4}{3}\)
Thay vào ta được:
\(\frac{2.\frac{4}{3}+y}{\frac{4}{3}-2y}=\frac{5}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{32}{3}+4y=\frac{20}{3}-10y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow14y=-4\)
\(\Rightarrow y=-\frac{2}{7}\)
Vậy ta có 1 cặp số (x;y) thỏa mãn: \(\left(\frac{4}{3};-\frac{2}{7}\right)\)
b, Ta có : \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4};\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{6}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{24}\)
Đặt \(x=15k;y=20k;z=24k\)
Thay vào A ta được : \(A=\dfrac{30k+60k+96k}{45k+80k+120k}=\dfrac{186k}{245k}=\dfrac{186}{245}\)
Theo đề: \(2x+y=0\Leftrightarrow y=-2x\) \(\left(1\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{3-x}{y-4}=\dfrac{2}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5\left(3-x\right)=2\left(y-4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow15-5x=2y-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow15+8=2y+5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x+2y=23\) \(\left(2\right)\)
Thế (1) vào (2), suy ra:
\(5x+2.\left(-2x\right)=23\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x-4x=23\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=23\)
\(\Rightarrow y=-2.23=-46\)