cho các số thực x,y thõa mãn x^2+y^2=6. Tìm min, max của: A=x-\(\sqrt{5}\)y
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Bài 1:
ĐK: \(x,y\ge-2\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{x+2}-y^3=\sqrt{y+2}-x^3\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+\frac{x-y}{\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{y+2}}=0\)
=> x-y=0=>x=y
Thay y=x vào B ta được: B=x2+2x+10\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+9\ge9\forall x\ge-2\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra <=> x+1=0=>x=-1 (tmđk)
Vậy Min B =9 khi x=y=-1
Ta có điều kiện \(\hept{\begin{cases}y\ge-6\\x\ge-6\\x+y\ge0\end{cases}}\)
Theo đề bài thì: \(x+y=\sqrt{x+6}+\sqrt{y+6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{x+6}+\sqrt{y+6}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P^2\le\left(1^2+1^2\right)\left(x+y+12\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P^2-2P-24\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4\le P\le6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4< P\le6\left(1\right)\)
Ta lại có:
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{x+6}+\sqrt{y+6}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P^2=x+y+12+2\sqrt{\left(x+6\right)\left(y+6\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P^2-P-12=2\sqrt{\left(x+6\right)\left(y+6\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(P+3\right)\left(P-4\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}P\le-3\left(l\right)\\P\ge4\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow4\le P\le6\)
Vậy GTNN là \(P=4\)đạt được khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=-6\\y=10\end{cases}}or\hept{\begin{cases}x=10\\y=-6\end{cases}}\)
GTLN là \(P=6\) đạt được khi \(x=y=3\)
1) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM và bất đẳng thức Schwarz:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+\dfrac{a+b}{2}}=\dfrac{8}{3a+b}\ge8\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).
2.
\(4=a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow a+b\le2\sqrt{2}\)
Đồng thời \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge a^2+b^2\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4\left(a+b+2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}\) (với \(x=a+b\Rightarrow2\le x\le2\sqrt{2}\) )
\(M\le\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}-\sqrt{2}+1+\sqrt{2}-1\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{2}-x\right)\left(x+4-2\sqrt{2}\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)}+\sqrt{2}-1\le\sqrt{2}-1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=2\sqrt{2}\) hay \(a=b=\sqrt{2}\)
3. Chia 2 vế giả thiết cho \(x^2y^2\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow0\le\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\le4\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\le16\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
ĐKXĐ: x ; y > -6
Ta có :\(x-\sqrt{y+6}=\sqrt{x+6}-y\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=\sqrt{x+6}+\sqrt{y+6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\sqrt{x+6}+\sqrt{y+6}\left(\text{ }Do\text{ }VP\ge0\text{ }nen\text{ }P\ge0,dau\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }"="khi\text{ }x=y=-6\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P^2=x+y+12+2\sqrt{\left(x+6\right)\left(y+6\right)}\le P+12+x+y+12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P^2\le2P+24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P^2-2P-24\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4\le P\le6\)
Nên Pmax = 6 khi... (Tự làm nhé)
Pmin = 0 khi x = y = -6
Áp dụng bđt bunhiacopxki, ta có:
\(\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)\left(1+16\right)\ge\left(x+\frac{4}{x}\right)^2\) => \(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\ge\frac{\left(x+\frac{4}{x}\right)^2}{17}\)
=> \(\sqrt{x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}}\ge\frac{x+\frac{4}{x}}{\sqrt{17}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{4}{x\sqrt{17}}\)
CMTT: \(\sqrt{y^2+\frac{1}{y^2}}\ge\frac{y}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{4}{\sqrt{17}y}\)
\(\sqrt{z^2+\frac{1}{z^2}}\ge\frac{z}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{4}{\sqrt{17}z}\)
=> A \(\ge\frac{x+y+z}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{4}{\sqrt{17}}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge\frac{x+y+z}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{36}{\sqrt{17}\left(x+y+z\right)}\)(bđt: 1/a + 1/b + 1/c > = 9/(a+b+c)
=> A \(\ge\frac{16\left(x+y+z\right)}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{36}{\sqrt{17}\left(x+y+z\right)}-\frac{15\left(x+y+z\right)}{\sqrt{17}}\)
A \(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{16\left(x+y+z\right)}{\sqrt{17}}\cdot\frac{36}{\sqrt{17}\left(x+y+z\right)}}-\frac{15\cdot\frac{3}{2}}{\sqrt{17}}\)(Bđt cosi + bđt: x + y + z < = 3/2)
A \(\ge\frac{48}{\sqrt{17}}-\frac{45}{2\sqrt{17}}=\frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y= z = 1/2
Vậy MinA = \(\frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\) <=> x = y = z = 1/2
Từ đề bài \(\Rightarrow4x^2+4y^2+4xy-24x-24y+44=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)^2-24x-12y+36+3y^2-12y+12-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y-6\right)^2+3\left(y-2\right)^2-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y-6\right)^2=4-3\left(y-2\right)^2\le4\forall x;y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2\le2x+y-6\le2\Rightarrow4\le2x+y\le8\)
Do đó \(4\le P\le8\)
*)Maximize : Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(VT^2\le\left(1+1\right)\left(x+1+y+1\right)=2\left(x+y+2\right)\)
Và \(VP^2=\left(\sqrt{2}\left(x+y\right)\right)^2=2\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x+y\right)^2\le2\left(x+y+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)-2\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y-2\right)\left(x+y+1\right)\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow-1\le P=x+y\le2\)
Khi \(x=y=1\) thì \(P_{Max}=2\)
*)Minimize: Áp dụng BĐT Karamata ta có:
\(VT=\sqrt{2}\left(x+y\right)=\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{y+1}=VP\)
\(\ge\sqrt{0}+\sqrt{x+1+y+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2}\left(x+y\right)\ge\sqrt{x+1+y+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x+y\right)^2\ge\left(x+y\right)+2\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)-2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow P=x+y\ge\frac{1+\sqrt{17}}{4}\)
Khi \(x=\frac{5+\sqrt{17}}{4};y=-1\) thì \(P_{Min}=\frac{1+\sqrt{17}}{4}\)
#Vỗ tay coi :))
Từ bài ra ta có.
\(x+y=\sqrt{x+6}+\sqrt[]{y+6}\)
\(P^2=x+y+12+2.\sqrt{x+6}.\sqrt{y+6}=P+12+2.\sqrt{x+6}.\sqrt{y+6}\)
Mà \(2\sqrt{\left(x+6\right)\left(y+6\right)}\le x+6+y+6=P+12\)
Nên \(P^2\le2P+24\Leftrightarrow P^2-2P+1\le25\)
==>\(\left(P-1\right)^2\le25\Leftrightarrow-5\le P-1\le5\)
Đến đây bạn tự giải tiếp hộ nhé.
Có gì sai sót xin thứ lỗi.