giải các phương trình sau:
a)2x(x-2)+5(x-2)=0
b)3x−42−4x+133x−42−4x+13
c)2xx−1−xx+1=1
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a) \(\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-2=0\\4x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\x=-\dfrac{5}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(S=\left\{\dfrac{2}{3};-\dfrac{5}{4}\right\}\)
b) \(\left(2,3x-6,9\right)\left(0,1x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2,3x-6,9=0\\0,1x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-20\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\left(4x+2\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
Vì \(x^2+1\ge1>0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow4x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy: \(S=\left\{-\dfrac{1}{2}\right\}\)
d) \(\left(2x+7\right)\left(x-5\right)\left(5x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+7=0\\x-5=0\\5x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\\x=5\\x=-\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(S=\left\{-\dfrac{7}{2};5;-\dfrac{1}{5}\right\}\)
e) \(\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+7\right)\left(x^2+2\right)=0\)
Vì \(x^2+2\ge2>0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+7\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\2x+7=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
f) \(\left(3x+2\right)\left(x^2-1\right)=\left(9x^2-4\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)-\left(3x-2\right)\left(3x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(3x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)\right].\left(x-1-3x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x^2+5x+2\right)\left(-2x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x^2+3x+2x+2\right)\left(-2x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[3x\left(x+1\right)+2\left(x+1\right)\right]\left(-2x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(3x+2\right)\left(-2x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\3x+2=0\\-2x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\\x=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(S=\left\{-1;-\dfrac{2}{3};\dfrac{1}{2}\right\}\)
a: =>(x-2)(2x+5)=0
=>x-2=0 hoặc 2x+5=0
=>x=2 hoặc x=-5/2
c: \(\dfrac{2x}{x-1}-\dfrac{x}{x+1}=1\)
=>\(\dfrac{2x^2+2x-x^2+x}{x^2-1}=1\)
=>x^2+3x=x^2-1
=>3x=-1
=>x=-1/3
\(a,\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(2x+5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\2x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm S = \(\left\{2;\dfrac{5}{2}\right\}\)
\(c,\Leftrightarrow2x.\left(x+1\right)-x.\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\) ( ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne-1;x\ne1\) )
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2x-x^2+x=x^2-1\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-x^2+3x=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow3x=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\) ( nhận )
Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm S = \(\left\{-\dfrac{1}{3}\right\}\)
\(a,\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,\left(x-2\right)\left(x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,\left(x+3\right)\left(x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(d,\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(4x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{2}=0\\4x+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{2}=0\\4\left(x+1\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(e,\left(x-4\right)\left(5x-10\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-4=0\\5x-10=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f,\left(2x-1\right)\left(3x+6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\3x+6=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
`a,(x-1)(x+2)=0`
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
`b,(x -2)(x -5)=0`
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
`c,(x +3)(x -5)=0`
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
`d,(x + 1/2)(4x + 4)=0`
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{2}=0\\4x+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\4x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
`e,(x -4)(5x -10)=0`
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-4=0\\5x-10=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\5x=10\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
`f,(2x -1)(3x +6)=0`
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\3x+6=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=1\\3x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
`g,(2,3x -6,9)(0,1x -2)=0`
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2,3x-6,9=0\\0,1x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2,3x=6,9\\0,1x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=20\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: =>3x^2-3x-2x+2=0
=>(x-1)(3x-2)=0
=>x=2/3 hoặc x=1
b: =>2x^2=11
=>x^2=11/2
=>\(x=\pm\dfrac{\sqrt{22}}{2}\)
c: Δ=5^2-4*1*7=25-28=-3<0
=>PTVN
f: =>6x^4-6x^2-x^2+1=0
=>(x^2-1)(6x^2-1)=0
=>x^2=1 hoặc x^2=1/6
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm1\\x=\pm\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
d: =>(5-2x)(5+2x)=0
=>x=5/2 hoặc x=-5/2
e: =>4x^2+4x+1=x^2-x+9 và x>=-1/2
=>3x^2+5x-8=0 và x>=-1/2
=>3x^2+8x-3x-8=0 và x>=-1/2
=>(3x+8)(x-1)=0 và x>=-1/2
=>x=1
a. TH1:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+3x-4< 0\\3-2x>0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< 1\\x>-4\end{matrix}\right.\\x>\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+3x-4>0\\3-2x< 0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>1\\x< -4\end{matrix}\right.\\x< \dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy nghiệm của BPT:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< 1\\x>-4\end{matrix}\right.\\x>\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>1\\x< -4\end{matrix}\right.\\x< \dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(\sqrt {11{x^2} - 14x - 12} = \sqrt {3{x^2} + 4x - 7} \)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Rightarrow 11{x^2} - 14x - 12 = 3{x^2} + 4x - 7\\ \Rightarrow 8{x^2} - 18x - 5 = 0\end{array}\)
\( \Rightarrow x = - \frac{1}{4}\) và \(x = \frac{5}{2}\)
Thay nghiệm vừa tìm được vào phương trình \(\sqrt {11{x^2} - 14x - 12} = \sqrt {3{x^2} + 4x - 7} \) ta thấy chỉ có nghiệm \(x = \frac{5}{2}\) thảo mãn phương trình
Vậy nhiệm của phương trình đã cho là \(x = \frac{5}{2}\)
b) \(\sqrt {{x^2} + x - 42} = \sqrt {2x - 30} \)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Rightarrow {x^2} + x - 42 = 2x - 3\\ \Rightarrow {x^2} - x - 12 = 0\end{array}\)
\( \Rightarrow x = - 3\) và \(x = 4\)
Thay vào phương trình \(\sqrt {{x^2} + x - 42} = \sqrt {2x - 30} \) ta thấy không có nghiệm nào thỏa mãn
Vậy phương trình đã cho vô nghiệm
c) \(2\sqrt {{x^2} - x - 1} = \sqrt {{x^2} + 2x + 5} \)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Rightarrow 4.\left( {{x^2} - x - 1} \right) = {x^2} + 2x + 5\\ \Rightarrow 3{x^2} - 6x - 9 = 0\end{array}\)
\( \Rightarrow x = - 1\) và \(x = 3\)
Thay hai nghiệm trên vào phương trình \(2\sqrt {{x^2} - x - 1} = \sqrt {{x^2} + 2x + 5} \) ta thấy cả hai nghiệm đếu thỏa mãn phương trình
Vậy nghiệm của phương trình \(2\sqrt {{x^2} - x - 1} = \sqrt {{x^2} + 2x + 5} \) là \(x = - 1\) và \(x = 3\)
d) \(3\sqrt {{x^2} + x - 1} - \sqrt {7{x^2} + 2x - 5} = 0\)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Rightarrow 3\sqrt {{x^2} + x - 1} = \sqrt {7{x^2} + 2x - 5} \\ \Rightarrow 9.\left( {{x^2} + x - 1} \right) = 7{x^2} + 2x - 5\\ \Rightarrow 2{x^2} + 7x - 4 = 0\end{array}\)
\( \Rightarrow x = - 4\) và \(x = \frac{1}{2}\)
Thay hai nghiệm trên vào phương trình \(3\sqrt {{x^2} + x - 1} - \sqrt {7{x^2} + 2x - 5} = 0\) ta thấy chỉ có nghiệm \(x = - 4\) thỏa mãn phương trình
Vậy nghiệm của phương trình trên là \(x = - 4\)
\(a,2x\left(x-5\right)+4\left(x-5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(2x+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=0\\2x+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\2x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{5;-2\right\}\)
\(b,3x-15=2x\left(x-5\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow3\left(x-5\right)-2x\left(x-5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(-2x+3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=0\\-2x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\2x=3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{5;\dfrac{3}{2}\right\}\)
\(c,\left(2x+1\right)\left(3x-2\right)=\left(5x-8\right)\left(2x+1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(3x-2\right)-\left(5x-8\right)\left(2x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(3x-2-5x+8\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(-2x+6\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=0\\-2x+6=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=-1\\2x=6\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-\dfrac{1}{2};3\right\}\)
Câu d xem lại đề
a: =>(x-2)(2x+5)=0
=>x=2 hoặc x=-5/2
c: \(\dfrac{2x}{x-1}-\dfrac{x}{x+1}=1\)
=>\(\dfrac{2x^2+2x-x^2+x}{x^2-1}=1\)
=>x^2+3x=x^2-1
=>3x=-1
=>x=-1/3