cho 16,6 hh Al,Fe tác dụng vừa đủ dd h2so4 đặc nong thu đc 6,4g S a,tính khối lượng kl trong hh b,tính thể tích axit h2so4 0,5M đã dùng
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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,464}{22,4}=0,11mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al:x\left(mol\right)\\Fe:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow Muối\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\\FeSO_4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}BTe:3x+2y=2n_{H_2}=0,22\\\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot342+y\cdot152=14,44\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,04mol\\y=0,05mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,04\cdot27=1,08g\\m_{Fe}=0,05\cdot56=2,8g\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3BaCl_2\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3BaSO_4\downarrow\)
0,02 0,06
\(FeSO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+FeCl_2\)
0,05 0,05
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{\downarrow}=0,06+0,05=0,11\Rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=x=25,63g\)
Khối lượng sắt:mFe=0,46298*60,5=28 g=>mZn=32,5g
=>nFe=0,5;nZn=0,5
ta có:nCl- =2nFe+2nZn=2 mol =>nHCl=2mol
=>nH2 =1mol.=>V H2=44,8 lit
m muối =m kim loại +m Cl- =60,5 +2*35,5=131,5
Bài 1 :
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.2........0.4....................0.2\)
\(V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.4}{0.5}=0.8\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)
Bài 2 :
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5.4}{27}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(0.2..........0.3.............................0.3\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0.3\cdot98=29.4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{29.4\cdot100}{10}=294\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.3\cdot22.4=6.72\left(l\right)\)
a) \(H_2SO_4+Fe\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m_{H_2SO_4}}{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=n_{Fe}.M_{Fe}=0,5.56=28\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
\(a,n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5\cdot0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,05\cdot22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{30}\cdot27=0,9\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}\approx0,017\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{0,017}{0,1}\approx0,17M\)