đốt 1,6 gam lưu huỳnh cần 9,6 gam khí oxi. A) viết pthh sau phản ứng chất nào cònn dư? khối luợng là bao nhiêu. B) tính khối luợng so2 sinh ra
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\(n_S=\dfrac{m_S}{M_S}=\dfrac{1,6}{32}=0,05mol\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{m_{O_2}}{M_{O_2}}=\dfrac{9,6}{32}=0,3mol\)
\(S+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)SO_2\)
0,05 < 0,3 ( mol )
0,05 0,05 0,05 ( mol )
Chất còn dư là O2
\(m_{O_2\left(du\right)}=n_{O_2\left(du\right)}.M_{O_2}=\left(0,3-0,05\right).32=8g\)
\(m_{SO_2}=n_{SO_2}.M_{SO_2}=0,05.64=3,2g\)
\(n_S=\dfrac{3,2}{32}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}SO_2\\
LTL:\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,05}{1}\)
=> S dư
\(n_{S\left(P\text{Ư}\right)}=n_{SO_2}=n_{O_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\
m_S=\left(0,1-0,05\right).32=1,6\left(g\right)\\
V_{SO_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
a) \(n_S=\dfrac{9,6}{32}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: S + O2 ---to→ SO2
Mol: 0,3 0,3 0,3
\(m_{SO_2}=0,3.64=19,2\left(g\right)\)
b) \(V_{O_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
S + O2 → SO2
n S = 9,6:32 =0,3 = n O2 = n SO2
m SO2 = 0,3.(32+16.2)=19,2 g
V O2= 0,3.22,4=6,72 lít
a, PTHH: S + O2 -> (t°) SO2
b, nS = 6,4/32 = 0,2 (mol)
nO2 = 6,72/22,4 = 0,3 (mol)
LTL: 0,2 < 0,3 => O2 dư
nO2 (pư) = nSO2 = nS = 0,2 (mol)
mO2 (dư) = (0,3 - 0,2) . 32 = 3,2 (g)
c, mSO2 = 64 . 0,2 = 12,8 (g)
a, \(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}SO_2\)
\(nS=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(nO_2=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\) => oxi dư
\(nO_{2\left(dư\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(mO_{2\left(dư\right)}=0,1.32=3,2\left(g\right)\)
\(nSO_2=nS=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(mSO_2=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
\(1,2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2MgO\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CuO\)
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(2,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(a,n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_C=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=13,2\left(g\right)\)
c, Vì\(\frac{0,3}{1}>\frac{0,2}{1}\)nên C phản ửng dư, O2 phản ứng hết, Bài toán tính theo O2
\(n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(3,PTHH:CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_2+\frac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+H_2O\)
\(C_2H_6O+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+3H_2O\)
\(4,a,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_P=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=38,4\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_C=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=80\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(n_{Al}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=60\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(TH_1:\left(đktc\right)n_{H_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=24\left(g\right)\)
\(TH_2:\left(đkt\right)n_{H_2}=1,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,7\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=22,4\left(g\right)\)
\(5,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=0,46875\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Vì\(0,46875>0,3\left(n_{O_2}>n_{SO_2}\right)\)nên S phản ứng hết, bài toán tính theo S.
\(a,\Rightarrow n_S=n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=9,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,16875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(6,a,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_C=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_C=18\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=1,5\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_S=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=48\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_P=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_P=37,2\left(g\right)\)
\(7,n_{O_2}=5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=112\left(l\right)\left(đktc\right)\);\(V_{O_2}=120\left(l\right)\left(đkt\right)\)
\(8,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(m_C=0,96\left(kg\right)\Rightarrow n_C=0,08\left(kmol\right)=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=1792\left(l\right)\)
\(9,n_p=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
Vì\(\frac{0,2}{4}< \frac{0,3}{5}\)nên P hết O2 dư, bài toán tính theo P.
\(a,n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=1,6\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_{P_2O_5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=14,2\left(g\right)\)
a) \(PTHH:2SO_2+O_2\xrightarrow[V_2O_5]{450^oC}2SO_3\)
\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{32}{64}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{10}{32}=0,3125\left(mol\right)\)
Lập tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{n_{SO_2}}{2}< \dfrac{n_{O_2}}{1}\left(\dfrac{0,5}{2}< 0,3125\right)\)
=> SO2 hết O2 dư
Theo pt: \(n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{n_{SO_2}.2}{3}=\dfrac{0,5.1}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,3125-0,25=0,0625\left(mol\right)\\ m_{O_2}=0,0625.32=2\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo pt, ta có:\(n_{SO_3}=n_{SO_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{SO_3}=0,5.80=40\left(g\right)\)
a, \(n_S=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: S + O2 ----to----> SO2
Mol: 0,2 0,2 0,2
b, \(m_{SO_2}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
c, \(V_{O_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
nS = 1,6/32 = 0,05 (mol)
nO2 = 9,6/32 = 0,3 (mol)
PTHH: S + O2 -> (t°) SO2
LTL: 0,05 < 0,3 => O2 dư
nSO2 = nS = 0,05 (mol)
mSO2 = 0,05 . 64 = 3,2 (g)