1/ Quy đồng mẫu số các phân số :
\(\dfrac{5}{7}\) ; \(\dfrac{-3}{21}\) ; \(\dfrac{-8}{15}\)
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Ta có: \(\dfrac{5}{7} = \dfrac{{5.4}}{{7.4}} = \dfrac{{20}}{{28}}\) và \(\dfrac{{ - 3}}{4} = \dfrac{{ - 3.7}}{{4.7}} = \dfrac{{ - 21}}{{28}}\)
Như vậy, \(\dfrac{{20}}{{28}} + \dfrac{{ - 21}}{{28}} = \dfrac{{20 + \left( { - 21} \right)}}{{28}} = \dfrac{-1}{{28}}\)
2/5 và 5/7
\(\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{2\times7}{5\times7}=\dfrac{14}{35}\)
\(\dfrac{5}{7}=\dfrac{5\times5}{7\times5}=\dfrac{25}{35}\)
Lời giải:
a. $\frac{5}{9}=\frac{5\times 2}{9\times 2}=\frac{10}{18}$
b. $\frac{9}{20}=\frac{9\times 3}{20\times 3}=\frac{27}{60}$
\(\dfrac{5}{7}=\dfrac{75}{105}\)
\(\dfrac{-3}{21}=\dfrac{-15}{105}\)
\(\dfrac{-8}{15}=\dfrac{-56}{105}\)
5/7 =75/105
-3/21= -15/105
-8/15=-56/105
a) \(\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{2.8}{3.8}=\dfrac{16}{24}\)
\(\dfrac{5}{8}=\dfrac{5.3}{8.3}=\dfrac{15}{24}\)
b) \(\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1.3}{4.3}=\dfrac{3}{12}\)
\(\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{7.1}{12.1}=\dfrac{7}{12}\)
c) \(\dfrac{5}{6}=\dfrac{5.4}{6.4}=\dfrac{20}{24}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{8}=\dfrac{3.3}{8.3}=\dfrac{9}{24}\)
a) 23=2.83.8=162423=2.83.8=1624
58=5.38.3=152458=5.38.3=1524
b) 14=1.34.3=31214=1.34.3=312
712=7.112.1=712712=7.112.1=712
c) 56=5.46.4=202456=5.46.4=2024
38=3.38.3=924
\(a)\) Mẫu số chung: 45.
\(\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{2\times7}{5\times7}=\dfrac{14}{45}\\ \dfrac{13}{15}=\dfrac{13\times3}{15\times3}=\dfrac{39}{45}\\ \dfrac{19}{45}\)
b) Mẫu số chung: 16.
\(\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1\times8}{2\times8}=\dfrac{8}{16}\\ \dfrac{3}{8}=\dfrac{3\times2}{8\times2}=\dfrac{6}{16}\\ \dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{5\times4}{4\times4}=\dfrac{\dfrac{20}{16}\\ 7}{16}\)
ta có : \(BCNN\left(7;21;15\right)=105\\ \dfrac{5}{7}=\dfrac{75}{105};\dfrac{-3}{21}=\dfrac{-15}{105};\dfrac{-8}{15}=\dfrac{-56}{105}\)
7 = 7; 21 = 3. 7; 15 = 3. 5
Mẫu chung: BCNN(7; 21; 15) = 3. 5. 7 = 105
Thừa số phụ: 105: 7 = 15; 105: 21 = 5; 105: 15 = 7
\(\dfrac{5}{7}=\dfrac{5.15}{7.15}=\dfrac{75}{105}\)
\(\dfrac{-3}{21}=\dfrac{-3.5}{21.5}\dfrac{-15}{105}\)
\(\dfrac{-8}{15}=\dfrac{-8.7}{15.7}=\dfrac{-56}{105}\)