so sánh hai số bằng cách vận dụng hằng đẳng thức
a) A=\(2^{16}\) và B=\(\left(2+1\right)\left(2^2+1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)\)
b) A=\(4\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)...\left(3^{64}+1\right)\) và B=\(3^{218}-1\)
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Ta có : \(\hept{\begin{cases}A=1999.2001\\B=2000^2\end{cases}}\)
\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}A=1999.2000+1999\\B=2000\cdot2000\end{cases}}\)
\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}A=1999.2000+2000+1\\B=1999.2000+2000\end{cases}}\)
\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}A=2000.2000+1\\B=2000.2000\end{cases}}\)
\(< =>A>B\)
a. Ta có : \(A=1999.2021=\left(2000-1\right)\left(2000+1\right)=2020^2-1< 2020\)
\(\Rightarrow A< B\)
b. Ta có : \(B=\left(2+1\right)\left(2^2+1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2-1\right)\left(2+1\right)\left(2^2+1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2^2-1\right)\left(2^2+1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)\)
...
\(=\left(2^8-1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)=2^{16}-1< 2^{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>B\)
c,d tương tự
\(A=4\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)....\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^2-1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)....\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^4-1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)...\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^{16}-1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\left(3^{22}+1\right)\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^{64}-1\right)\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=3^{128}-1\Rightarrow A=\frac{3^{128}-1}{2}< 3^{128}-1=B\)
Vậy \(A< B\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
A.(32-1)=4.(32-1)(32+1)(34+1)...(364+1)=4.(34-1)(34+1)...(364+1)= ... =4.(3128-1)
<=>8A=4B <=>2A=B =>B>A
a)A=\(1999.2001=\left(2000-1\right)\left(2000+1\right)=2000^2-1\)
Vậy A < B
b) \(B=\left(2+1\right)\left(2^2+1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)\)
\(B=\left(2-1\right)\left(2+1\right)\left(2^2+1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)\)
\(B=\left(2^2-1\right)\left(2^2+1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)\)
\(B=\left(2^4-1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)\)
\(B=\left(2^8-1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)=2^{16}-1< 2^{16}=A\)
Vậy B < A
a) Ta có: \(A=1999.2001=\left(2000-1\right)\left(2000+1\right)\)
\(=2000^2-1^2< 2000^2\)
Vậy A < B.
b) Ta có: \(B=\left(2+1\right)\left(2^2+1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2^2-1\right)\left(2^2+1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2^4-1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2^8-1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)\)
\(=2^{16}-1< 2^{16}\)
Vậy A > B.
\(A=4\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)....\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^2-1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)....\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^4-1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)....\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^{16}-1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^{32}-1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^{64}-1\right)\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(2A=3^{128}-1\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{3^{128}-1}{2}< 3^{128}-1=B\)
Vậy \(A< B\)
1: A=(3^2-1)(3^2+1)(3^4+1)(3^8+1)(3^16+1)
=(3^4-1)(3^4+1)(3^8+1)(3^16+1)
=(3^8-1)(3^8+1)(3^16+1)
=(3^16-1)(3^16+1)
=3^32-1
2: B=(1-3^2)(1+3^2)*...*(1+3^16)
=(1-3^4)(1+3^4)(1+3^8)(1+3^16)
=1-3^32
1
\(A=8\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\\ =\left(3^2-1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\\ =\left(3^4-1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\\ =\left(3^{16}-1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\\ =3^{32}-1\)
\(B=\left(1-3\right)\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\\ =\left(1-3^2\right)\left(1+3^2\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\\ =\left(1-3^4\right)\left(1+3^4\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\\ =\left(1-3^8\right)\left(1+3^8\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\\ =\left(1-3^{16}\right)\left(1+3^{16}\right)=1-3^{32}\)
\(P=12\left(5^2+1\right)\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{15}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(5^2-1\right)\left(5^2+1\right)\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(5^4-1\right)\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(5^8-1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(5^{16}-1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2}\left(5^{32}+1\right)=\frac{5^{32}+1}{2}\)
a)
Ta có
a chia 5 dư 4
=> a=5k+4 ( k là số tự nhiên )
\(\Rightarrow a^2=\left(5k+4\right)^2=25k^2+40k+16\)
Vì 25k^2 chia hết cho 5
40k chia hết cho 5
16 chia 5 dư 1
=> đpcm
2) Ta có
\(12=\frac{5^2-1}{2}\)
Thay vào biểu thức ta có
\(P=\frac{\left(5^2-1\right)\left(5^2+1\right)\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{\left[\left(5^2\right)^2-1^2\right]\left[\left(5^2\right)^2+1^2\right]\left(5^8+1\right)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{\left[\left(5^4\right)^2-1^2\right]\left[\left(5^4\right)^2+1^2\right]}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{5^{16}-1}{2}\)
3)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^3=\left(a+b\right)^3+3\left(a+b\right)^2c+3\left(a+b\right)c^2+c^3\)
\(=a^3+b^3+c^2+3ab\left(a+b\right)+3\left(a+b\right)c\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=a^3+b^3+c^3+3\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+ca+cb+c^2\right)\)
\(=a^3+b^3+c^3+3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
Áp dụng liên tục a2 - b2 = (a - b)(a + b) để biến đổi . Ta có:
A = 332 - 1 = (316 - 1)(316 + 1) = (38- 1)(38 + 1)(316 + 1) = (34 - 1)(34 + 1)(38 + 1)(316 + 2) = (32 - 1)(32 + 1)(34 + 1)(38 + 1)(316 + 1) =
= (3 - 1)(3 + 1)(32 + 1)(34 + 1)(38 + 1)(316 + 1) = 2.B
Ta có 2B = \(\left(3^2-1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)
2B = (34-1)(34+1)(38+1)(316+1)
2B = (38-1)(38+1)(316+1)
Tương tự ta đc:
2B = 332-1
B= 332-1/2 hay B= A/2
Vậy A>B
\(A=4.\dfrac{25}{16}+25.\left[\dfrac{9}{16}:\dfrac{125}{64}\right]:\dfrac{-27}{8}\)
\(=\dfrac{25}{16}+25.\dfrac{36}{125}:\dfrac{-27}{8}=-\dfrac{137}{240}\left(1\right)\)
\(B=125.\left[\dfrac{1}{25}+\dfrac{1}{64}:8\right]-64.\dfrac{1}{64}\)
\(=125.\dfrac{89}{1600}:8-64.\dfrac{1}{64}=\dfrac{-67}{512}\left(2\right)\)
Vì (2) > (1) => B > A
\(a.\)
Ta sẽ biến đổi biểu thức \(B\) quy về dạng có thể dùng được hằng đẳng thức \(\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)=x^2-y^2\), khi đó:
\(B=\left(2+1\right)\left(2^2+1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)=\left(2-1\right)\left(2+1\right)\left(2^2+1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2^2-1\right)\left(2^2+1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2^4-1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2^8-1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)=2^{16}-1\)
Vì \(2^{16}>2^{26}-1\) nên \(2^{16}>\left(2+1\right)\left(2^2+1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)\left(2^8+1\right)\)
Vậy, \(A>B\)
Tương tự với câu \(b\) kết hợp với phương pháp tách hạng tử, khi đó xuất hiện hằng đẳng thức mới và dễ dàng đơn giản hóa biểu thức \(A\). Ta có:
\(A=4\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)...\left(3^{64}+1\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(3^2-1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)...\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(3^4-1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)...\left(3^{64}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(3^{64}-1\right)\left(3^{64}+1\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(3^{128}-1\right)\)
Mặt khác, do \(\frac{1}{2}<1\) nên \(\frac{1}{2}\left(3^{128}-1\right)<3^{128}-1\)
Vậy, \(B>A\)