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192,7 ml = 0,1927 lít
192,7 ml = 192,7 g
Ta có
C% = mct / mdd x 100%
=> m ct = C% x mdd / 100% = 3,65% x 192,7 / 100% = 7,03355 gam
n HCl = mct / M HCl = 7,03355 / 36,5 = 0,1927 mol
Ta lại có :
CM = (10*D*C%)/M
CM = (10*1.18*3.65) / 36.5 ≈ 1.18 M
D HCl = 1.18
`1)`
`n_{Al}={2,7}/{27}=0,1(mol)`
`2Al+3H_2SO_4->Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2`
`0,1->0,15->0,05->0,15(mol)`
`V_{dd\ H_2SO_4}={0,15}/1=0,15(l)=150(ml)`
`->V=150`
`V'=V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)`
`C_{M\ X}=C_{M\ Al_2(SO_4)_3}={0,05}/{0,15}=1/3M`
`2)`
`n_{Fe}={2,8}/{56}=0,05(mol)`
`Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2`
`0,05->0,1->0,05->0,05(mol)`
`V_{dd\ HCl}={0,1}/1=0,1(l)=100(ml)`
`->V=100`
`V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12(l)`
`C_{M\ FeCl_2}={0,05}/{0,1}=0,5M`
\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ a............3a.......a.........1,5a\left(mol\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ b.........2b........b.........b\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=5,5\\1,5a+b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27.0,1}{5,5}.100\approx49,091\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,05.56}{5,5}.100\approx50,909\%\end{matrix}\right.\\ b.C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{3a+2b}{0,5}=\dfrac{3.0,1+2.0,05}{0,5}=0,8\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=0,2.2,5=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\Rightarrow HCl.dư\\ n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,5-0,2.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ b,V_{ddsau}=V_{ddHCl}=0,2\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddFeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right);C_{MddHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
Zn+2HCl->ZnCl2+H2
0,4---0,8-----0,4----0,4
n HCl=0,9 mol
n Zn=0,4 mol
=>HCl dư
=>VH2=0,4.22,4=8,96l
=> m muối=0,4.136=54,4g
Gọi số mol H2 sinh ra là a (mol)
=> nHCl = 2a (mol)
Theo ĐLBTKL: mkim loại + mHCl = mmuối + mH2
=> 17,5 + 36,5.2a = 31,7 + 2a
=> a = 0,2 (mol)
=> V = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
mCl-=mA-mKL=14,2g⇒nCl-=0,4⇒nH2=0,2(mol)⇒V=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)
\(m_{H_2O}=D\cdot V=192.7\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=a\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%HCl=\dfrac{a}{a+192.7}\cdot100\%=3.65\%\)
\(\Rightarrow a=7.3\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7.3}{36.5}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{HCl}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.2}{0.1927}=1.03\left(M\right)\)
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