x^2y+2x*xy-3xz+x^2y-2xy+3xz = ?
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a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=x\\b=2y\\c=3z\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow a+b+c=2;a,b,c>0\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\sqrt{\dfrac{\dfrac{ab}{2}}{\dfrac{ab}{2}+c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{\dfrac{bc}{2}}{\dfrac{bc}{2}+a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{ca+2b}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{ab+2c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{bc+2a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{ca+2b}}\)
Vì a,b,c>0 nên áp dụng BĐT AM-GM, ta có:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{ab+2c}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{ab+\left(a+b+c\right)c}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{c^2+bc+ca+ab}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{a+c}}.\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{b+c}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{bc+2a}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{\left(b+a\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{ca+2b}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{\left(c+b\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a}{a+b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: a=b=c=2/3=>\(\left(x,y,z\right)=\left\{\dfrac{2}{3};\dfrac{1}{3};\dfrac{2}{9}\right\}\)
a, 2xy +2x2 - 4xy2 - 2 ; b, -3x2y2 -2x2y + y ; c, 3x3 - 2y - 3
Đặt \(\left(x;2y;3z\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow a+b+c=2\)
\(S=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{ab+2c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{bc+2a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{ca+2b}}\)
\(S=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{ab+c\left(a+b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{bc+a\left(a+b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{ca+b\left(a+b+c\right)}}\)
\(S=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(S\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow x;y;z\)
Lời giải:
Đặt $(x,2y,3z)=(a,b,c)$. Khi đó bài toán trở thành:
Cho $a,b,c>0$ thỏa mãn $a+b+c=2$. Tìm GTLN của:
\(S=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{ab+2c}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{bc+2a}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{ac+2b}}\)
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Từ $a+b+c=2$ ta có:
\(S=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{ab+(a+b+c)c}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{bc+(a+b+c)a}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{ac+(a+b+c)b}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{(c+a)(c+b)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{(a+b)(a+c)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{(b+c)(b+a)}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{(c+a)(c+b)}}\leq \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{c+a}+\frac{b}{c+b}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{(a+b)(a+c)}}\leq \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{ca}{(b+a)(b+c)}}\leq \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{b+a}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(S\leq \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a+c}{a+c}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+b}{a+b}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy $S_{\max}=\frac{3}{2}$. Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
hay $x=\frac{2}{3}; y=\frac{1}{3}; z=\frac{2}{9}$
bài này có trên OLM do a Dw ( incursion_03 ) giải nè.Đề tuyển sinh vào lớp 10 Dak Lak
A = x2 - 2xy + 3y2 - 2x + 1997
= ( x2 - 2xy + y2 - 2x + 2y + 1 ) + ( 2y2 - 2y + 1/2 ) + 3991/2
= [ ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) - ( 2x - 2y ) + 1 ] + 2( y2 - y + 1/4 ) + 3991/2
= [ ( x - y )2 - 2( x - y ) + 12 ] + 2( y - 1/2 )2 + 3991/2
= ( x - y - 1 )2 + 2( y - 1/2 )2 + 3991/2 ≥ 3991/2 ∀ x, y
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = 3/2 ; y = 1/2
=> MinA = 3991/2 <=> x = 3/2 ; y = 1/2
x2 - 2xy + x + 3xz - 2y + 3z
= x2 - 2xy + x - 2y + 3xz + 3z
= x ( x - 2y ) + ( x - 2y ) + 3z( x + 1 )
= ( x - 2y ) ( x + 1 ) + 3z ( x + 1 )
= ( x + 1 ) ( x - 2y + 3z )
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