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TN1: Gọi (nCu, nAl, nFe) = (a,b,c)
=> 64a + 27b + 56c = 14,3 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
b----------------------->1,5b
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
c----------------------->c
=> 1,5b + c = 0,3 (2)
TN2: Gọi (nCu, nAl, nFe) = (ak,bk,ck)
=> ak + bk + ck = 0,6 (3)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}.20\%=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Cu + O2 --to--> 2CuO
ak--->0,5ak
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
bk--->0,75bk
3Fe + 2O2 --to--> Fe3O4
ck-->\(\dfrac{2}{3}ck\)
=> 0,5ak + 0,75bk + \(\dfrac{2}{3}ck\) = 0,4 (4)
(1)(2)(3) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\left(mol\right)\\b=0,1\left(mol\right)\\c=0,15\left(mol\right)\\k=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,05.64}{14,3}.100\%=22,38\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{14,3}.100\%=18,88\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{14,3}.100\%=58,74\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
b) Gọi x,y là số mol Al, Fe
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có hệ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=0,83\\\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,02\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(x=\dfrac{29}{5700};y=\dfrac{47}{3800}\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{27}{5700}.27}{0,83}.100=16,55\%\); \(\%m_{Fe}=100-16,55=83,45\%\)
c)Bảo toàn nguyên tố H: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,02.98}{200}.100=0,98\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,1555}{24,79}=0,45(mol)\\ a,PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ b,n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=\dfrac{0,3.27}{14,5}.100\%=55,86\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Cu}=100\%-55,86\%=44,14\%\\ c,n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,45(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,45}{0,2}=2,25M\\ d,n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=0,15.342=51,3(g)\)
a, Ta có: 27nAl + 56nFe = 22 (1)
PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{19,832}{24,79}=0,8\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,4.27}{22}.100\%\approx49,09\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx50,91\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=1,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,6}{0,5}=3,2\left(M\right)\)
a) \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Cu+HCl\rightarrow\)(không phản ứng)
2Al + 6HCl => 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,3/3*2 (6,72/22,4)
=> mAl = 0,2 *27 =5,4g; mCu = 11,8 - 5,4 = 6,4g