Question

[Lê Quỳnh Anh]

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

    A small but growing group of scholars, evolutionary psychologists, are being to sketch the contours of the human mind as designed by natural selection. Some of them even anticipate the coming of a field called "mismatch theory", which would study maladies resulting from contrasts between the modern environment and the "ancestral environment". The one we were designed for. There is no shortage of such maladies to study. Rates of depression have been doubling in some industrial countries roughly every 10 years. Suicide is the third most common cause of death among young adults, after car wrecks and homicides.

    Evolutionary psychology is a long way from explaining all this with precision, but it is already shedding enough light to challenge some conventional wisdom. It suggests for example, that the nostalgia for the nuclear family of the 1950s is in some way misguided-that the model family of husband at work and wife at home is hardly a "natural" and the healthful living arrangement, especially for the wives. Moreover, the bygone lifestyles that do look fairly by commercialism. Perhaps the biggest surprise from evolutionary psychology is it depiction of the "animal" in us. Freud, and various thinkers since, saw "civilization" as an oppressive force that thwarts basic animal instincts and urges and transmutes them into psychopathology. However, evolutionary psychology suggests that a large threat to mental health may be the way civilization thwarts civility. There is a gentler, kinder side of human

nature, and it seems increasingly to be a victim of repression in modern society

Which of the following is the main topic of the passage? 

A. How evolutionary psychology manages modern society 

B. The problems of illness caused by modern society 

C. The importance of ancestral environment 

D. Evolutionary psychologists' views on the nuclear family

Answer 1

[Dương Hoàn Anh]

Đáp án B

Giải thích: Bài văn nói về những vấn đề sức khỏe, đặc biể là sức khỏe tinh thần bị ảnh hưởng bởi xã hội. Phương án A, C, D chỉ là một chi tiết nhỏ trong bài nên không thể coi đó là ý khái quát chủ đề được.

Dịch nghĩa: Đâu là chủ đề chính của bài văn?

A. tâm lí học tiến hóa xoay chuyển xã hội hiện đại như thế nào

B. vấn đề bệnh tật gây ra bởi xã hội hiện đại

C. tầm quan trọng của môi trường thời xưa

D. quan điểm của những nhà tâm lí học tiến hóa về gia đình hạt nhân