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\(A=\frac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{xy+x+y}+\frac{xy+x+y}{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}\) (voi x,y la so thuc duong)
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Phải sửa xy/x^2+y^2 thành x^2+y^2/xy hoặc cái gì khác
Vì xy/x^2+y^2 chỉ có GTLN chứ ko có GTNN đâu
Mk nói có gì sai thì thông cảm nha !
\(A=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left[\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\right]+\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2+2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz+zx\right)^2\) là một số chính phương (đpcm)
Bài 3:
Ta có:
\(81^8-1=\left(9^2\right)^8-1=\left[\left(3^2\right)^2\right]^8-1=3^{32}-1\)
\(=\left(3^4-1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)
Do đó:
\(A=3^4-1=80\)
\(x^2-1=\frac{1}{4}\left(a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}+2\right)-1=\frac{1}{4}\left(a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}-2\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\)
Tương tự \(y^2-1=\frac{1}{4}\left(b-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\)
\(P=\frac{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(b+\frac{1}{b}\right)-\frac{1}{4}\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(b-\frac{1}{b}\right)}{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(b+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\frac{1}{4}\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(b-\frac{1}{b}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{ab+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{1}{ab}-ab+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-\frac{1}{ab}}{ab+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{1}{ab}+ab-\frac{a}{b}-\frac{b}{a}+\frac{1}{ab}}=\frac{\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}}{ab+\frac{1}{ab}}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{a^2b^2+1}\)
Ta có \(P=\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(zx+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(zx+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}+\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2}}{\frac{zx+1}{x}}+\frac{\frac{\left(zx+1\right)^2}{x^2}}{\frac{xy+1}{y}}+\frac{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2}}{\frac{yz+1}{z}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(y+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{z+\frac{1}{x}}+\frac{\left(z+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2}{x+\frac{1}{y}}+\frac{\left(x+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}{y+\frac{1}{z}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{a_1^2}{b_1}+\frac{a_2^2}{b_2}+\frac{a_3^2}{b_3}\ge\frac{\left(a_1+a_2+a_3\right)^2}{b_1+b_2+b_3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{a_1}{b_1}=\frac{a_2}{b_2}=\frac{a_3}{c_3}\)
\(P=\frac{\left(y+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{z+\frac{1}{x}}+\frac{\left(z+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2}{x+\frac{1}{y}}+\frac{\left(x+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}{y+\frac{1}{z}}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\)
\(P\ge a+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
Áp dụng BĐT: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\)
=> \(P\ge x+y+z+\frac{9}{x+y+z}=\left[x+y+z+\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]+\frac{27}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
Ta có: \(x+y+z+\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{9}{4}}=3;\frac{27}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{27}{4\cdot\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{9}{2}\)
=> \(P\ge3+\frac{9}{2}=\frac{15}{2}\).
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z=\(\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy MinP=\(\frac{15}{2}\)đạt được khi x=y=z=\(\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(P=\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(zx+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(zx+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}+\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\frac{yz+1}{z}\right)^2}{\left(\frac{zx+1}{x}\right)}+\frac{\left(\frac{zx+1}{x}\right)^2}{\left(\frac{xy+1}{y}\right)}+\frac{\left(\frac{xy+1}{y}\right)^2}{\left(\frac{yz+1}{z}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(y+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{z+\frac{1}{x}}+\frac{\left(z+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2}{x+\frac{1}{y}}+\frac{\left(x+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}{y+\frac{1}{z}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki dạng phân thức, ta có:
\(\frac{\left(y+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{z+\frac{1}{x}}+\frac{\left(z+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2}{x+\frac{1}{y}}+\frac{\left(x+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}{y+\frac{1}{z}}\)\(\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}}=x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
\(\ge\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{9}{x+y+z}=\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(+\frac{27}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge2\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right).\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}}+\frac{27}{4.\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{15}{2}\)(Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số không âm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
Đặt \(\frac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{xy+x+y}=a\) ( ĐK a > 0 )
=> A = a + 1/a
(*) \(\left(x+y+1\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+x+y\right)\)( Nhân 2 vế với hai sau đưa về hằng đẳng thức )
=> \(\frac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{xy+x+y}\ge3\Leftrightarrow a\ge3\)
TA có \(A=a+\frac{1}{a}=\frac{a}{9}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{8a}{9}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{9}\cdot\frac{1}{a}}+\frac{8\cdot3}{9}=\frac{2}{3}+\frac{8}{3}=\frac{10}{3}\)
Vậy GTNN của A là 10/3 tại x = y= 1