Rút gọn các biểu thức sau : ( sử dụng các hằng đẳng thức )
1 . 5 . ( x + 2 ) . ( x - 2 ) - ( 3 . 4x )2 .
2 . 2 . ( x - y ) . ( x + y ) + ( x + y )2 + ( x - y )2 .
3 . ( x - y + z )2 + ( x - y )2 + 2 ( x - y + z ) . ( y - z )
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Bài 1:
\(1,\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2=\left[\left(x+y\right)-\left(x-y\right)\right]\left[\left(x+y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\right]=\left(x+y-x+y\right)\left(x+y+x-y\right)=2y.2x=4xy\)
\(2,\left(x+y\right)^3-\left(x-y\right)^3-2y^3\)
\(=x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3-x^3+3x^2y-3xy^2+y^3-2y^3\)
\(=6x^2y\)
\(3,\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\\ =\left[\left(x+y\right)-\left(x-y\right)\right]^2\\ =\left(x+y-x+y\right)^2\\ =4y^2\)
\(4,\left(2x+3\right)^2-2\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x+5\right)+\left(2x+5\right)^2\\ =\left[\left(2x+3\right)-\left(2x+5\right)\right]^2\\ =\left(2x+3-2x-5\right)^2\\ =\left(-2\right)^2\\ =4\)
\(5,9^8.2^8-\left(18^4+1\right)\left(18^4-1\right)\\ =18^8-\left[\left(18^4\right)^2-1\right]\\ =18^8-18^8+1\\ =1\)
1: =x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2+2xy-y^2=4xy
2: =x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3-x^3+3x^2y-3xy^2+y^3-2y^3
=6x^2y
3: =(x+y-x+y)^2=(2y)^2=4y^2
4: =(2x+3-2x-5)^2=(-2)^2=4
5: =18^8-18^8+1=1
,[x-y+z]^2+[z-y]^2+2.[x-y+z][y-z] (x - y + z)² + (z - y)² + 2(x - y + z)(y - z)
= (x - y + z)² + 2(x - y + z)(y - z) + (y - z)²
= (x - y + z + y - z)²
= x²
Ta có:
\(\left(x-y+z\right)^2+\left(z-y\right)^2+2.\left(x-y+z\right).\left(y-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y+z\right)^2+2.\left(x-y+z\right).\left(y-z\right)+\left(y-z\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y+z+y-z\right)^2\)
\(=x^2\)
Học tốt nhé
\(\text{1) }\dfrac{x^7+x^6+x^5+x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1}{x^2-1}\\ =\dfrac{\left(x^7+x^6\right)+\left(x^5+x^4\right)+\left(x^3+x^2\right)+\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\\ =\dfrac{x^6\left(x+1\right)+x^4\left(x+1\right)+x^2\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\\ =\dfrac{\left(x^6+x^4+x^2+1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\\ =\dfrac{x^6+x^4+x^2+1}{x-1}\)
\(\text{3) }\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2-2xy+2xz-2yz}{x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2}\\ =\dfrac{\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(2xz-2yz\right)+z^2}{\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-z^2}\\ =\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(x-y\right)z+z^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2}\\ =\dfrac{\left(x-y+z\right)^2}{\left(x-y+z\right)\left(x-y-z\right)}\\ =\dfrac{x-y+z}{x-y-z}\)
a) Cách 1:
\(6(y - x) - 2(x - y)\)
\( = 6y - 6x - 2x + 2y\)
\( = 8y - 8x\)
Cách 2:
\(6(y - x) - 2(x - y)\\= 6(y-x)+2(y-x)\\=(6+2).(y-x)\\=8.(y-x)\\=8y-8x\)
b) \(3{x^2} + x - 4x - 5{x^2}\)
\( = (3{x^2} - 5{x^2}) + (x - 4x)\)
\( = - 2{x^2} - 3x\)
5 . ( x + 2 ) . ( x - 2 ) - ( 3 . 4x )2 .
= 5( x\(^2\) - 4) - 12x\(^2\) = 5x\(^2\) - 20 - 12x\(^2\) = -7x\(^2\) - 20
2 . ( x - y ) . ( x + y ) + ( x + y )2 + ( x - y )2
= 2( x\(^2\) - y\(^2\)) + ( x\(^2\) + 2xy + y\(^2\)) + ( x\(^2\) - 2xy + y\(^2\))
= 2x\(^2\) - 2y\(^2\) + x\(^2\) + 2xy + y\(^2\) + x\(^2\) - 2xy + y\(^2\)
= 4x\(^2\)