Giải phương trình : ( dạng tổng hợp)
\(\left(3x+1\right)\sqrt{2x^2-1}=5x^2+\frac{3}{2}x-3\)
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ĐKXĐ \(\left|x\right|\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x^2-1}=t\ge0\)
<=> \(\left(3x+1\right)t=2t^2+x^2+\frac{3}{2}x-1\)
<=> \(2t^2-\left(3x+1\right)t+x^2+\frac{3}{2}x-1=0\)
\(\Delta_t=\left(x-3\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}t=\frac{2x-1}{2}\\t=\frac{x+2}{2}\end{cases}}\)
Phần còn lại bạn tự giải nhé
Cách khác, bình phương cũng ra nhé
Điều kiện tự làm nhé:
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x-1}=t\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1\right)\sqrt{2x^2-1}=2\left(2x^2-1\right)+x^2+\frac{3x}{2}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1\right)t=2t^2+\frac{3x}{2}-1+x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4t^2+6tx+2t-2x^2-3x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2t-x-2\right)\left(2x-2t-1\right)=0\)
Tới đây thì đơn giản rồi nhé
a)
\(\begin{array}{l}\sin \left( {2x - \frac{\pi }{6}} \right) = - \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {2x - \frac{\pi }{6}} \right) = \sin \left( { - \frac{\pi }{3}} \right)\end{array}\)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}2x - \frac{\pi }{6} = - \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \\2x - \frac{\pi }{6} = \pi + \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}2x = - \frac{\pi }{6} + k2\pi \\2x = \frac{{3\pi }}{2} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = - \frac{\pi }{{12}} + k\pi \\x = \frac{{3\pi }}{4} + k\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\end{array}\)
b) \(\begin{array}{l}\cos \left( {\frac{{3x}}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \frac{1}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow \cos \left( {\frac{{3x}}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \cos \frac{\pi }{3}\end{array}\)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\frac{{3x}}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4} = \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \\\frac{{3x}}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4} = \frac{{ - \pi }}{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{{18}} + \frac{{k4\pi }}{3}\\x = \frac{{ - 7\pi }}{{18}} + \frac{{k4\pi }}{3}\end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\end{array}\)
c)
\(\begin{array}{l}\sin 3x - \cos 5x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin 3x = \cos 5x\\ \Leftrightarrow \cos 5x = \cos \left( {\frac{\pi }{2} - 3x} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}5x = \frac{\pi }{2} - 3x + k2\pi \\5x = - \left( {\frac{\pi }{2} - 3x} \right) + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}8x = \frac{\pi }{2} + k2\pi \\2x = - \frac{\pi }{2} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{{16}} + \frac{{k\pi }}{4}\\x = - \frac{\pi }{4} + k\pi \end{array} \right.\end{array}\)
d)
\(\begin{array}{l}{\cos ^2}x = \frac{1}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\cos x = \frac{1}{2}\\\cos x = - \frac{1}{2}\end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\cos x = \cos \frac{\pi }{3}\\\cos x = \cos \frac{{2\pi }}{3}\end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \\x = - \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\\\left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{{2\pi }}{3} + k2\pi \\x = - \frac{{2\pi }}{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\end{array} \right.\end{array}\)
e)
\(\begin{array}{l}\sin x - \sqrt 3 \cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{2}\sin x - \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2}\cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \cos \frac{\pi }{3}.\sin x - \sin \frac{\pi }{3}.\cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {x - \frac{\pi }{3}} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {x - \frac{\pi }{3}} \right) = \sin 0\\ \Leftrightarrow x - \frac{\pi }{3} = k\pi ;k \in Z\\ \Leftrightarrow x = \frac{\pi }{3} + k\pi ;k \in Z\end{array}\)
f)
\(\begin{array}{l}\sin x + \cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\sin x + \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \cos \frac{\pi }{4}.\sin x + \sin \frac{\pi }{4}.\cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \sin 0\\ \Leftrightarrow x + \frac{\pi }{4} = k\pi ;k \in Z\\ \Leftrightarrow x = - \frac{\pi }{4} + k\pi ;k \in Z\end{array}\)
1.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-3x+\left(x+1-\sqrt{3x+1}\right)+\left(x+2-\sqrt{5x+4}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x^2-x\right)+\dfrac{x^2-x}{x+1+\sqrt{3x+1}}+\dfrac{x^2-x}{x+2+\sqrt{5x+4}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x\right)\left(3+\dfrac{1}{x+1+\sqrt{3x+1}}+\dfrac{1}{x+2+\sqrt{5x+4}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
2.
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=a\\\sqrt[3]{2-8x^3}=b\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta được hệ:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2a-1\right)b=a\\a^3+b^3=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2ab\\\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow8\left(ab\right)^3-6\left(ab\right)^2=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab-1\right)\left[4\left(ab\right)^2+ab+1\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab=1\Rightarrow a+b=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2\\ab=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=1\)
\(\Rightarrow2x=1\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Em thử liên hợp nhé;) không thì bình phương lên cho ra phương trình bậc 4 rồi mò cũng được:P
ĐK: \(x\le-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\text{hoặc }x\ge\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
PT \(\Leftrightarrow10x^2+3x-6=\left(3x+1\right).2\sqrt{2x^2-1}\) (nhân hai vế với 2)
Bớt cả hai vế của pt cho \(3x^2+7x+2\) , pt trở thành:
\(7x^2-4x-8=\left(3x+1\right).2\sqrt{2x^2-1}-\left(3x^2+7x+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7x^2-4x-8=\left(3x+1\right)\sqrt{8x^2-4}-\left(3x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7x^2-4x-8=\left(3x+1\right)\left[\sqrt{8x^2-4}-\left(x+2\right)\right]\)
Nhân liên hợp ta có:
\(PT\Leftrightarrow7x^2-4x-8=\left(3x+1\right)\left[\frac{7x^2-4x-8}{\sqrt{8x^2-4}+x+2}\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(7x^2-4x-8\right)\left[\frac{\left(3x+1\right)}{\sqrt{8x^2-4}+x+2}-1\right]=0\)
Giải cái ngoặc nhỏ được \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{2+2\sqrt{15}}{7}\left(TM\right)\\x=\frac{2-2\sqrt{15}}{7}\left(TM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải cái ngoặc to \(\Leftrightarrow3x+1=\sqrt{8x^2-4}+x+2\Leftrightarrow2x-1=\sqrt{8x^2-4}\)
Do VP >=0 nên VT >=0 do đó \(x\ge\frac{1}{2}\) . Bình phương hai vế, pt
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-4x+1=8x^2-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+4x-5=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{-1+\sqrt{6}}{2}\left(TM\right)\\x=\frac{-1-\sqrt{6}}{2}\left(KTM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
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