a) với x>=1 tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của 3x+1/2x
b)với x>-1 tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của B=3x/2 + 1/(x+1)
c) với x>1/2 tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của C=x/3 + 5/(2x-1)
d) với x>0 tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của D=(x^2+4x+4)/x
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\(A=2\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-7=2\left(x-2\right)^2-7\ge-7\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(B=\left(x^2+3x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)-\dfrac{1}{4}=\left(x+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\ge-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(C=4\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-4=4\left(x-1\right)^2-4\ge-4\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(D=\dfrac{1}{-\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+6}=\dfrac{1}{-\left(x+1\right)^2+6}\ge\dfrac{1}{6}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
1.
$A=2x^2-8x+1=2(x^2-4x+4)-7=2(x-2)^2-7$
Vì $(x-2)^2\geq 0$ với mọi $x\in\mathbb{R}$
$\Rightarrow A\geq 2.0-7=-7$
Vậy $A_{\min}=-7$ khi $x-2=0\Leftrightarrow x=2$
2.
$B=x^2+3x+2=(x^2+3x+1,5^2)-0,25=(x+1,5)^2-0,25\geq 0-0,25=-0,25$
Vậy $B_{\min}=-0,25$ khi $x=-1,5$
3.
$C=4x^2-8x=(4x^2-8x+4)-4=(2x-2)^2-4\geq 0-4=-4$
Vậy $C_{\min}=-4$ khi $2x-2=0\Leftrightarrow x=1$
4. Để $D_{\min}$ thì $5-x^2-2x$ là số thực âm lớn nhất
Mà không tồn tại số thực âm lớn nhất nên không tồn tại $x$ để $D_{\min}$
A\(=2x^2-8x+1\)
=2x(x-4)+1≥1
Min A=1 ⇔x=4
B=\(x^2+3x+2\)
\(=\left(x^2+2.x.\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\)≥\(-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Min B=-1/4⇔x=-3/2
Bài 2:
a) Ta có: \(\left|2x-5\right|\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left|2x-5\right|\le0\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left|2x-5\right|+3\le3\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(b,B\left(x\right)=x\left(x-3\right)-2\left(x+5\right)=x^2-3x-2x-10=x^2-5x-10\)
\(=x^2-\frac{5}{2}x-\frac{5}{2}x+\frac{25}{4}-\frac{25}{4}-10=x\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)-\frac{5}{2}\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)-\frac{65}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{65}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2\ge0=>\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{65}{4}\ge-\frac{65}{4}\) (với mọi x)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(< =>x-\frac{5}{2}=0< =>x=\frac{5}{2}\)
Vậy minB(x)=-65/4 khi x=5/2
\(c,C\left(x\right)=2x\left(x+1\right)-3x\left(x+1\right)=2x^2+2x-3x^2-3x=-x^2-x\)
\(=-\left(x^2+x\right)=-\left(x^2+x+1-1\right)=-\left(x^2+\frac{1}{2}x+\frac{1}{2}x+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}-1\right)\)
\(=-\left[x\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)-\frac{1}{4}\right]=-\left[\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{4}\right]=\frac{1}{4}-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
Vì \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0=>\frac{1}{4}-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le\frac{1}{4}\) (với mọi x)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(< =>x+\frac{1}{2}=0< =>x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy maxC(x)=1/4 khi x=-1/2
\(A\left(x\right)=2x\left(x-1\right)-3\left(x-13\right)=2x^2-5x+39\)
\(=2\left(x^2-\frac{5}{2}x+\frac{39}{2}\right)=2\left(x^2-\frac{5}{4}x-\frac{5}{4}x+\frac{25}{16}-\frac{25}{16}+\frac{39}{2}\right)\)
\(=2\left[x\left(x-\frac{5}{4}\right)-\frac{5}{4}\left(x-\frac{5}{4}\right)\right]+\frac{287}{16}=2\left[\left(x-\frac{5}{4}\right)^2+\frac{287}{16}\right]=2\left(x-\frac{5}{4}\right)^2+\frac{287}{8}\)
Vì \(2\left(x-\frac{5}{4}\right)^2\ge0=>2\left(x-\frac{5}{4}\right)^2+\frac{287}{8}\ge\frac{287}{8}>0\) với mọi x
=>A(x) vô nghiệm (đpcm)
\(1.\)
\(-17-\left(x-3\right)^2\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\)với \(\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x-3\right)^2\le0\)với \(\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow17-\left(x-3\right)^2\le17\)với \(\forall x\)
Dấu '' = '' xảy ra khi:
\(\left(x-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
Vậy \(Max=-17\)khi \(x=3\)
\(2.\)
\(A=x\left(x+1\right)+\frac{3}{2}\)
\(A=x^2+x+\frac{3}{2}\)
\(A=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\)
\(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\ge\frac{5}{4}\)với \(\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\ge\frac{5}{4}\)với \(\forall x\)
Vậy \(Max=\frac{5}{4}\)khi \(x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
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a/ \(A=\frac{x}{2}+\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{5x}{2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{4x}}+\frac{5}{2}.1=\frac{7}{2}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
b/ \(B=\frac{3\left(x+1\right)}{2}+\frac{1}{x+1}-\frac{3}{2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3\left(x+1\right)}{2\left(x+1\right)}}-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{-3+2\sqrt{6}}{2}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2=\frac{2}{3}\Rightarrow x=...\)
c/ \(C=\frac{2x-1}{6}+\frac{5}{2x-1}+\frac{1}{6}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{5\left(2x-1\right)}{6\left(2x-1\right)}}+\frac{1}{6}=\frac{1+2\sqrt{30}}{6}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^2=30\Rightarrow x=...\)
d/ \(D=x+\frac{4}{x}+4\ge2\sqrt{\frac{4x}{x}}+4=8\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x^2=4\Rightarrow x=...\)
e/ \(E=\left(x+3\right)\left(5-x\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(x+3+5-x\right)^2=16\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x+3=5-x\Rightarrow x=...\)
f/ \(F=\frac{1}{2}\left(2x+6\right)\left(5-2x\right)\le\frac{1}{8}\left(2x+6+5-2x\right)^2=\frac{121}{8}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow2x+6=5-2x\Leftrightarrow x=...\)
a/ \(P=3x+\frac{1}{2x}=\frac{x}{2}+\frac{5x}{2}+\frac{1}{2x}\) \(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{2}.\frac{1}{2x}}+\frac{5.1}{2}=\frac{5}{2}\)
"="\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
b/ \(B=\frac{3x}{2}+\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{3\left(x+1\right)}{2}-\frac{3}{2}+\frac{1}{x+1}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3\left(x+1\right)}{2}.\frac{1}{x+1}}-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{-3+2\sqrt{6}}{2}\)
"="\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x+1\right)^2=2\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-3+\sqrt{6}}{3}\)
c/ \(C=\frac{x}{3}+\frac{5}{2x-1}=\frac{2x-1}{6}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{5}{2x-1}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{2x-1}{6}.\frac{5}{2x-1}}+\frac{1}{6}=\frac{1+4\sqrt{15}}{6}\)
"="\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{6+\sqrt{30}}{12}\)
d/ \(D=\frac{x^2+4x+4}{x}=x+4+\frac{4}{x}\)\(\ge2\sqrt{x.\frac{4}{x}}+4=8\)
"="\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
a/ \(\frac{x}{2}+\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{5}{2}x\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{2}.\frac{1}{2x}}+\frac{5}{2}.1=\frac{7}{2}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
b/ \(B=\frac{3\left(x+1\right)}{2}+\frac{1}{x+1}-\frac{3}{2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3\left(x+1\right)}{2\left(x+1\right)}}-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{-3+2\sqrt{6}}{2}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2=\frac{2}{3}\Rightarrow x=\frac{-3+\sqrt{6}}{3}\)
c/ \(C=\frac{2x-1}{6}+\frac{5}{2x-1}+\frac{1}{6}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(2x-1\right).5}{6\left(2x-1\right)}}+\frac{1}{6}=\frac{1+2\sqrt{30}}{6}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^2=30\Rightarrow x=...\)
d/ \(D=x+\frac{4}{x}+4\ge2\sqrt{x.\frac{4}{x}}+4=8\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x^2=4\Rightarrow x=...\)