Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức
A= 1/ 2x^2 +5y^2+2xy+6x+4y+2018
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\(A=-x^2+2xy-4y^2+2x+10y-3\)
\(=-x^2+2xy-y^2+2x-2y-1-3y^2+12y-12+10\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-2x+2y+1\right)-3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+10\)
\(=-\left(x-y-1\right)^2-3\left(y-2\right)^2+10< =10\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\x=y+1=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(B=-4x^2-5y^2+8xy+10y+12\)
\(=-4x^2+8xy-4y^2-y^2+10y-25+37\)
\(=-4\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-\left(y^2-10y+25\right)+37\)
\(=-4\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(y-5\right)^2+37< =37\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=y=5
\(A=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+4=\left(x-2\right)^2+4\ge4\)
\(minA=4\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(B=\left(4x^2-12x+9\right)+2=\left(2x-3\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(minB=2\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(C=3\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-8=3\left(x+1\right)^2-8\ge-8\)
\(minC=-8\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
\(D=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-4=-\left(x-1\right)^2-4\le-4\)
\(maxD=-4\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(E=-\left(4x^2-6x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)-\dfrac{11}{4}=-\left(2x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{11}{4}\le-\dfrac{11}{4}\)
\(maxA=-\dfrac{11}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(F=-2\left(x^2-\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{16}\right)-\dfrac{55}{8}=-2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{55}{8}\le-\dfrac{55}{8}\)
\(maxF=-\dfrac{55}{8}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(G=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(y^2+y+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(maxG=\dfrac{3}{4}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(H=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+16=-\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(y+2\right)^2+16\le16\)
\(maxH=16\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=-x^2+2xy-4y^2+2x+10y-3\)
\(=10-\left(x^2+y^2+1-2xy-2x+2y\right)-3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)\)
\(=10-\left(x-y-1\right)^2-3\left(y-2\right)^2\le10\)
Vậy \(MaxA=10\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lời giải:
$-A=x^2-2xy+4y^2-2x-10y+3$
$=(x^2-2xy+y^2)+3y^2-2x-10y+3$
$=(x-y)^2-2(x-y)+3y^2-12y+3$
$=(x-y)^2-2(x-y)+1+3(y^2-4y+4)-10$
$=(x-y+1)^2+3(y-2)^2-10\geq 0+0-10=-10$
$\Rightarrow A\leq 10$
Vậy $A_{\max}=10$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x-y+1=y-2=0$
$\Leftrightarrow y=2; x=1$
1, a)
Ta có:
\(x^2+2x+1=\left(x+1\right)^2\)
Thay x=99 vào ta có:
\(\left(99+1\right)^2=100^2=10000\)
b) Ta có:
\(x^3-3x^2+3x-1=\left(x-1\right)^3\)
Thay x=101 vào ta có:
\(\left(101-1\right)^3=100^3=1000000\)
1) \(a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}=14\Leftrightarrow a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}+2a.\frac{1}{a}=16\Leftrightarrow\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2=16\Rightarrow a+\frac{1}{a}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}\right)=a^3+\frac{1}{a}+a+\frac{1}{a^3}=a^3+4+\frac{1}{a^3}=4.14=56\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+\frac{1}{a^3}=52\)
Ta có : \(\left(a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}\right)\left(a^3+\frac{1}{a^3}\right)=a^5+\frac{1}{a}+a+\frac{1}{a^5}=a^5+4+\frac{1}{a^5}=14.52\)
\(\Rightarrow a^5+\frac{1}{a^5}=14.52-4=724\)
2) \(A=2xy-x^2-4y^2+2x+10y-2000\)
\(=\left(-x^2+2xy-y^2\right)+\left(2x-2y\right)+\left(-3y^2+12y-12\right)-1988\)
\(=-\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(x-y\right)-1-3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-1987\)
\(=-\left(x-y-1\right)^2-3\left(y-2\right)^2-1987\le-1987\forall x;y\) có GTLN là 2013
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=2\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy \(A_{max}=-1987\) tại \(x=3;y=2\)