cho x,y là những số dương thỏa mãn x+y=<1
tìm gtnn của m=xy+1/xy
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\(x+y=1\Rightarrow y=1-x\)
\(P=x^3+\left(1-x\right)^3+x\left(1-x\right)\)
\(P=2x^2-2x+1=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2x-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(P_{min}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xy}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{3\left(2x+y\right)}{16}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}+\dfrac{5}{16}\left(2x+y\right)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{16}.3}+\dfrac{5}{16}.2\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{11}{4}\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = 1; y = 2.
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xy}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)
\(M=\dfrac{3\left(2x+y\right)}{16}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}+\dfrac{5\left(2x+y\right)}{16}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{9\left(2x+y\right)}{16\left(2x+y\right)}}+\dfrac{5}{16}.2\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{11}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right)\)
Ta có:
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xx}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\right)+\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\)
Có: \(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\dfrac{3}{2x+y}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)
Có: \(\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\ge\dfrac{5}{8}\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{5}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow2x=y,xy=2\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{11}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=1,y=2\)
Vậy GTNN của M là \(\dfrac{11}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=1,y=2\)
\(2x+2y\le1\Rightarrow x+y\le\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow2\sqrt{xy}\le x+y\le\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{xy}\le\frac{1}{4}\Rightarrow xy\le\frac{1}{16}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{xy}\ge16\)
\(P=xy+\frac{1}{256xy}+\frac{255}{256xy}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{xy}{256xy}}+\frac{255}{256}.16=\frac{257}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=\frac{257}{16}\) khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{x^3+y^3}+\dfrac{1}{xy\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x^3+y^3}+\dfrac{3}{3xy\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(B\ge\dfrac{\left(1+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{4+2\sqrt{3}}{\left(x+y\right)^3}=4+2\sqrt{3}\)
\(B_{min}=4+2\sqrt{3}\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{3+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt[4]{12}}{6+2\sqrt{3}};\dfrac{3+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt[4]{12}}{6+2\sqrt{3}}\right)\) và hoán vị
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Shwarz:
$B=\frac{1}{x^3+y^3}+\frac{1}{xy}=\frac{1}{(x+y)^3-3xy(x+y)}+\frac{1}{xy}$
$=\frac{1}{1-3xy}+\frac{1}{xy}=\frac{1}{1-3xy}+\frac{3}{3xy}$
$\geq \frac{(1+\sqrt{3})^2}{1-3xy+3xy}=(1+\sqrt{3})^2$
Vậy $B_{\min}=(1+\sqrt{3})^2$
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $xy=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}$
\(x\ge2y\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}\ge2\)
\(M=\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}=\dfrac{x}{4y}+\dfrac{y}{x}+\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{x}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{4xy}}+\dfrac{3}{4}.2=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(M_{min}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) khi \(x=2y\)
cần lưu ý 2 bđt sau :(a,b>0) 1/a + 1/b >= 4/(a+b) , (a+b)2 >= 4ab (dâu1 "=" khi a=b)
có x+y=1 =>(x+y)2=1=>x2+y2=1-2xy
A=1/1-2xy + 1/2xy + 1/2xy >= 4/1-2xy+2xy + 2/4xy >= 4+2/(x+y)2 >= 6
Dấu "=" khi x=y=1/2