cho các số dương x,y,z tỉ lệ với 3,4,5. Tính giá trị của biểu thức
\(P=\dfrac{x+2y+3z}{2z+3y+4z}+\dfrac{2z+3y+4z}{3x+4y+5z}+\dfrac{3x+4y+5z}{4x+5y+6z}\)
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Theo đề ta có: \(x:y:z=3:4:5\Rightarrow\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{5}\)
Đặt: \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{5}=k\left(k\inℕ^∗\right)\)
Suy ra: \(x=3k;y=4k;z=5k\) Thay vào biểu thức P ta có:
\(P=\frac{3k+8k+15k}{6k+12k+20k}+\frac{6k+12k+20k}{9k+16k+25k}+\frac{9k+16k+25k}{12k+20k+30k}\)
\(P=\frac{26k}{38k}+\frac{38k}{50k}+\frac{50k}{62k}=\frac{13}{19}+\frac{19}{25}+\frac{25}{31}=\frac{33141}{14725}\)
Mình làm một câu để bạn tham khảo, sau đó bạn áp dụng làm các bài còn lại nha ^^
Có gì không hiểu bạn ib nha ^^
1. \(2x=3y-2x\left(1\right)\) và \(x+y=14\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow4x=3y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}\)
Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, có:
\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{x+y}{3+4}=\dfrac{14}{7}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2.3=6\\y=2.4=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tự kết luận ^^
\(2x^2+2xy+5y^2=\left(x+2y\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2\ge\left(x+2y\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{x+2y}{3x+y+5z}+\dfrac{y+2z}{3y+z+5x}+\dfrac{z+2x}{3x+x+5y}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+2y\right)^2}{\left(x+2y\right)\left(3x+y+5z\right)}+\dfrac{\left(y+2z\right)^2}{\left(y+2z\right)\left(3y+z+5x\right)}+\dfrac{\left(z+2x\right)^2}{\left(z+2x\right)\left(3x+x+5y\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+2y\right)^2}{3x^2+2y^2+7xy+5xz+10yz}+\dfrac{\left(y+2z\right)^2}{3y^2+2z^2+7yz+5xy+10xz}+\dfrac{\left(z+2x\right)^2}{3z^2+2x^2+7xz+5yz+10xy}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+2y+y+2z+z+2x\right)^2}{5\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+22\left(xy+xz+yz\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{9\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{5\left(x+y+z\right)^2+12\left(xy+xz+yz\right)}\ge\dfrac{9\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{5\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{12\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=1\) khi \(x=y=z\)
b, Ta có : \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4};\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{6}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{24}\)
Đặt \(x=15k;y=20k;z=24k\)
Thay vào A ta được : \(A=\dfrac{30k+60k+96k}{45k+80k+120k}=\dfrac{186k}{245k}=\dfrac{186}{245}\)
đặt\(A=\dfrac{x^3}{2x+3y+5z}+\dfrac{y^3}{2y+3z+5x}+\dfrac{z^3}{2z+3x+5y}\)
\(=>A=\dfrac{x^4}{2x^2+3xy+5xz}+\dfrac{y^4}{2y^2+3yz+5xy}+\dfrac{z^4}{2z^2+3xz+5yz}\)
BBDT AM-GM
\(=>A\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\)
theo BDT AM -GM ta chứng minh được \(xy+yz+xz\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)
vì \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(y^2+z^2\ge2yz\)
\(x^2+z^2\ge2xz\)
\(=>2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)< =>xy+yz+xz\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(=>2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\le10\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(=>A\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{10\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{10}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{3}}{10}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(đpcm\right)\)
dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=y=z=1/3
\(a,4x=5y\:\Rightarrow\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{12}\)
\(4y=6z\Rightarrow\frac{y}{6}=\frac{z}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{15}=\frac{2y}{24}=\frac{3z}{24}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x-2y+3z}{15-24+24}=\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{5}{15}=\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{3}=\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{3}\cdot15=5\\y=\frac{1}{3}\cdot12=4\\z=\frac{1}{3}\cdot8=\frac{8}{3}\end{cases}}\)
Xét \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{5}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3k\\y=4k\\z=5k\end{matrix}\right.\) (1)
Thay (1) vào P
=> P = \(\dfrac{3k+2.4k+3.5k}{2.5k+3.4k+4.5k}+\dfrac{2.5k+3.4k+4.5k}{3.3k+4.4k+5.5k}\) + \(\dfrac{3.3k+4.4k+5.5k}{4.3k+5.4k+6.5k}\)
=> P = \(\dfrac{26k}{42k}+\dfrac{42k}{50k}\) + \(\dfrac{50k}{62k}\)
=> P = \(\dfrac{13}{21}+\dfrac{21}{25}+\dfrac{25}{31}\approx2,265499232\)
lộn đề .
Thay 2z + 3y + 4z = 2x+ 3y + 4z nha