Tính theo kiểu hằng đẳng thức mở rộng
a) \(\left(x+2y\right)^3\)
b)\(\left(2x-y\right)^3\)
c)\(\left(x^2+x+1\right).\left(x-1\right)\)
d) \(\left(4x^2-2x+1\right).\left(2x+1\right)\)
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d) \(\left(4x^2-2x+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)\left[\left(2x\right)^2-2x.1+1^2\right]\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^3+1\)
\(=8x^3+1\)
a) \(\left(x+2y\right)^3=x^3+3.x^2.2y+3.x.\left(2y\right)^2+\left(2y\right)^3\)
\(=x^3+6x^2y+12xy^2+8y^3\)
b) \(\left(2x-y\right)^3=\left(2x\right)^3-3.\left(2x\right)^2.y+3.2x.y^2-y^3\)
\(=8x^3-12x^2y+6xy^2-y^3\)
c) \(\left(x^2+x+1\right).\left(x-1\right)=x^3-x^2+x^2-x+x-1\)
\(=\left(x^3-1\right)\)
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d) \(\left(4x^2-2x+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)=\left(2x+1\right)\left(4x^2-2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)\left(\left(2x\right)^2-2x.1+1^2\right)\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^3+1\)
\(=8x^3+1\)
a) \(\left(2x-1\right)\left(4x^2+2x+1\right)=8x^3-1\)
b) \(\left(x+2y+z\right)\left(x+2y-z\right)=\left(x+2y\right)^2-z^2\)
a,\(\left(2x-1\right)\left(4x^2+2x+1\right)=\left(2x-1\right)\left[\left(2x\right)^2+2x.1+1^2\right]\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^3-1=8x^3-1\)
b,\(\left(x+2y+z\right)\left(x+2y-z\right)=\left(x+2y\right)^2-z^2\)
\(=x^2+2.x.2y+\left(2y\right)^2-z^2=x^2+4xy+4y^2-z^2\)
`a)(2x-1)(4x^2+2x+1)`
`=(2x-1)[(2x)^2+2x.1+1^2]`
`=(2x)^3-1^3`
`=8x^3-1`
Áp dụng HĐT:`A^3-B^3=(A-B)(A^2+AB+B^2)`
`b)(x+2y+z)(x+2y-z)`
`=[(x+2y)+z][(x+2y)-z]`
`=(x+2y)^2-z^2`
`=x^2+2.x.2y+(2y)^2-z^2`
`=x^2+4xy+4y^2-z^2`
Áp dụng HĐT:`A^2-B^2=(A+B)(A-B)`
`(A+B)^2=A^2+2AB+B^2`
a)
\(A=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)-\left(54+x^3\right)\)
\(=x^3-3x^2+9x+3x^2-9x+27-54-x^3\)
\(=-27\)
or
\(A=x^3+27-54-x^3=-27\)
b)
\(B=\left(2x+y\right)\left(4x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-\left(2x-y\right)\left(4x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=8x^3+y^3-8x^3+y^3=2y^3\)
c)
\(C=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(1-3x\right)^2+2\left(2x+1\right)\left(3x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+1+3x-1\right)^2=\left(5x\right)^2=25x^2\)
d)
\(D=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)-\left(x+1\right)^3+3\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=x^3-8-\left(x-1\right)^3+3\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=6x^2-3x-10\)
Lời giải:
a. Biểu thức này không có khả năng rút gọn. Khai triển ra cũng được nhưng không làm gọn được bạn nhé.
b. $=(2x)^2-3^2-4x^2=4x^2-9-4x^2=-9$
c. $=(3x)^2+2.3x+1^2-(x^2-1)=9x^2+6x+1-x^2+1=8x^2+6x+2$
a) Ta có: \(5x^2-3x\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=5x^2-3x^2-6x\)
\(=2x^2-6x\)
b) Ta có: \(3x\left(x-5\right)-5x\left(x+7\right)\)
\(=3x^2-15x-5x^2-35x\)
\(=-2x^2-50x\)
c) Ta có: \(3x^2y\left(2x^2-y\right)-2x^2\left(2x^2y-y^2\right)\)
\(=3x^2y\left(2x^2-y\right)-2x^2y\left(2x^2-y\right)\)
\(=x^2y\left(2x^2-y\right)=2x^4y-x^2y^2\)
d) Ta có: \(3x^2\left(2y-1\right)-\left[2x^2\cdot\left(5y-3\right)-2x\left(x-1\right)\right]\)
\(=6x^2y-3x^2-\left[10x^2y-6x^2-2x^2+2x\right]\)
\(=6x^2y-3x^2-10x^2y+6x^2+2x^2-2x\)
\(=-4x^2y+5x^2-2x\)
e) Ta có: \(4x\left(x^3-4x^2\right)+2x\left(2x^3-x^2+7x\right)\)
\(=4x^4-16x^3+4x^4-2x^3+14x^2\)
\(=8x^4-18x^3+14x^2\)
f) Ta có: \(25x-4\left(3x-1\right)+7x\left(5-2x^2\right)\)
\(=25x-12x+4+35x-14x^3\)
\(=-14x^3+48x+4\)
Bài 1:
a) \(3x^2-2x(5+1,5x)+10=3x^2-(10x+3x^2)+10\)
\(=10-10x=10(1-x)\)
b) \(7x(4y-x)+4y(y-7x)-2(2y^2-3,5x)\)
\(=28xy-7x^2+(4y^2-28xy)-(4y^2-7x)\)
\(=-7x^2+7x=7x(1-x)\)
c)
\(\left\{2x-3(x-1)-5[x-4(3-2x)+10]\right\}.(-2x)\)
\(\left\{2x-(3x-3)-5[x-(12-8x)+10]\right\}(-2x)\)
\(=\left\{3-x-5[9x-2]\right\}(-2x)\)
\(=\left\{3-x-45x+10\right\}(-2x)=(13-46x)(-2x)=2x(46x-13)\)
Bài 2:
a) \(3(2x-1)-5(x-3)+6(3x-4)=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (6x-3)-(5x-15)+(18x-24)=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 19x-12=24\Rightarrow 19x=36\Rightarrow x=\frac{36}{19}\)
b)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2x^2+3(x^2-1)-5x(x+1)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2x^2+3x^2-3-5x^2-5x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow -5x-3=0\Rightarrow x=-\frac{3}{5}\)
\(2x^2+3(x^2-1)=5x(x+1)\)
a)(x+2y)(x2-2xy+y2)
b)(2x-y)(4x2+2xy+y2)
c)(x-1)3
d)(2x+1)3