Chio x,y,z>0.CMR:1/x+1/y>=4/x+y và 1/x+1/y+1/z>=9/x+y+z
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Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)(x+x+y+z)\geq (1+1+1+1)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\geq \frac{16}{2x+y+z}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\geq \frac{16}{x+2y+z}\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{2}{z}\geq \frac{16}{x+y+2z}\)
Cộng theo vế các BĐT vừa thu được:
\(\Rightarrow 4\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\geq 16\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow 16\geq 16\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\leq 1\)
Ta có đpcm.
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}=\dfrac{16}{16\left(x+x+y+z\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}=\dfrac{16}{16\left(x+y+y+z\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}=\dfrac{16}{16\left(x+y+z+z\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
Cộng từng vế của BĐT ta được :
\(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{4}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}+\dfrac{4}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=1\)
Vậy BĐT đã được chứng minh !
Ta có:
\(\frac{x}{x+1}=1-\frac{1}{x+1}\)
\(\frac{y}{y+1}=1-\frac{y}{y+1}\)
\(\frac{z}{z+4}=1-\frac{4}{z+4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{x+1}+\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{z}{z+4}=3-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{4}{z+4}\right)\)
\(\le\left[3-\left(\frac{4}{x+y+2}+\frac{4}{z+4}\right)\right]\le\left(3-\frac{16}{x+y+z+6}\right)=3-\frac{16}{6}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ta có : \(8^x+8^x+8^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{8^x.8^x.8^2}=12.4^x\)
\(8^y+8^y+8^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{8^y.8^y.8^2}=12.4^y\)
\(8^z+8^z+8^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{8^z.8^z.8^2}=12.4^z\)
\(8^x+8^y+8^z\ge3\sqrt[3]{8^x.8^y.8^z}=3\sqrt[3]{8^6}=192\)
Cộng các vế , ta được :
\(3\left(8^x+8^y+8^z+64\right)\ge3\left(4^{x+1}+4^{y+1}+4^{z+1}+64\right)\)
hay \(8^x+8^y+8^z\ge4^{x+1}+4^{y+1}+4^{z+1}\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\ge4\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}\\\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{xy}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\ge4\sqrt{xy.\frac{1}{xy}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\ge4\) ( đpcm )
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge9\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}x+y+z\ge3\sqrt{xyz}\\\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge3\sqrt{\frac{1}{xyz}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge9\sqrt{xyz.\frac{1}{xyz}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge9\) ( đpcm )
cũng đúng nhưng mình chưa hoc BĐT Cô-si