cho A=1+4+4^2+4^3+........+4^99 va B=4^100.Chứng tỏ A <\(\frac{1}{3}B\)
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\(A=1+4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{99}\)
\(4A=4+4^2+4^3+4^4+...+4^{100}\)
\(4A-A=\left(4+4^2+4^3+4^4+...+4^{100}\right)-\left(1+4+4^2+4^3...+4^{99}\right)\)
\(3A=4^{100}-1\)
\(A=\frac{4^{100}}{3}-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{B}{3}-\frac{1}{3}\)
Vậy \(A< \frac{B}{3}\)
A=1+4+42+...+499
4A=4+42+43+...+4100
4A-A=3A=(4+42+...+4100)-(1+4+42+...+499)
3A=4100-1
Ta thấy: 3A<B =>A<B/3 (điều phải chứng minh)
\(A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3A=3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+....+3^{101}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3A-A=\left(3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+...+3^{101}\right)-\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{100}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A=3^{101}-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{3^{101}-3}{2}< 3^{100}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< B\)
a. tính A = 3+3^2+3^3+3^4+.....+3^100
3A=3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+....+3^100
3A-A=(3^2+3^3+3^4+....+3^101)-(3+3^2+3^3+3^4+.....+3^100)=3^101-3=3^100
mà B=3^100-1 => A<B
\(=>4A=4+4^2+...+4^{99}+4^{100}\)
\(=>4A-A=\left(4+4^2+...+4^{99}+4^{100}\right)-\left(1+4+4^2+...+4^{99}\right)\)
\(=>3A=4^{100}-1\)
\(=>A=\frac{4^{100}-1}{3}\)
\(\frac{1}{3}B=\frac{4^{100}}{3}\)
=> A<\(\frac{1}{3}B\)
A = 1 + 4 + 42 + 43 + ... + 499
4A = 4( 1 + 4 + 42 + 43 + ... + 499 )
4A = 4 + 42 + 43 + ... + 4100
4A - A = 3A
= ( 4 + 42 + 43 + ... + 4100 ) - ( 1 + 4 + 42 + 43 + ... + 499 )
= 4 + 42 + 43 + ... + 4100 - 1 - 4 - 42 - 43 - ... - 499
= 4100 - 1
=> \(A=\frac{4^{100}-1}{3}\)
B = 4100 => \(\frac{1}{3}B=4^{100}\cdot\frac{1}{3}=\frac{4^{100}}{3}\)
\(4^{100}-1< 4^{100}\Rightarrow\frac{4^{100}-1}{3}< \frac{4^{100}}{3}\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{3}B\left(đpcm\right)\)