S = 5/22 + 5/32+5/42+...+5/1002
chứng tỏ rằng 2<S<5
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a) \(S=1+2+2^2+..+2^{2022}\)
\(2S=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2023}\)
\(2S-S=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2023}-1-2-2^2-...-2^{2022}\)
\(S=2^{2023}-1\)
b) \(S=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2022}\)
\(3S=3^2+3^3+...+3^{2023}\)
\(3S-S=3^2+3^3+....+3^{2023}-3-3^2-...-3^{2022}\)
\(2S=3^{2023}-3\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\dfrac{3^{2023}-3}{2}\)
c) \(S=4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{2022}\)
\(4S=4^2+4^3+...+4^{2023}\)
\(4S-S=4^2+4^3+...+4^{2023}-4-4^2-...-4^{2022}\)
\(3S=4^{2023}-4\)
\(S=\dfrac{4^{2023}-4}{3}\)
d) \(S=5+5^2+...+5^{2022}\)
\(5S=5^2+5^3+...+5^{2023}\)
\(5S-S=5^2+5^3+...+5^{2023}-5-5^2-...-5^{2022}\)
\(4S=5^{2023}-5\)
\(S=\dfrac{5^{2023}-5}{4}\)
a.
$S=1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2017}$
$2S=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2018}$
$\Rightarrow 2S-S=(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2018}) - (1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2017})$
$\Rightarrow S=2^{2018}-1$
b.
$S=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2017}$
$3S=3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{2018}$
$\Rightarrow 3S-S=(3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{2018})-(3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2017})$
$\Rightarrow 2S=3^{2018}-3$
$\Rightarrow S=\frac{3^{2018}-3}{2}$
Câu c, d bạn làm tương tự a,b.
c. Nhân S với 4. Kết quả: $S=\frac{4^{2018}-4}{3}$
d. Nhân S với 5. Kết quả: $S=\frac{5^{2018}-5}{4}$
a)\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}<\dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^3}<\dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
\(...\)
\(\dfrac{1}{8^2}<\dfrac{1}{7.8}\)
Vậy ta có biểu thức:
\(B=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{8^2}<\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{7.8}\)
\(B= 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{8}\)
\(B<1-\dfrac{1}{8}=\dfrac{7}{8}<1\)
Vậy B < 1 (đpcm)
Giải:
a) Ta có:
1/22=1/2.2 < 1/1.2
1/32=1/3.3 < 1/2.3
1/42=1/4.4 < 1/3.4
1/52=1/5.5 < 1/4.5
1/62=1/6.6 < 1/5.6
1/72=1/7.7 < 1/6.7
1/82=1/8.8 <1/7.8
⇒B<1/1.2+1/2.3+1/3.4+1/4.5+1/5.6+1/6.7+1/7.8
B<1/1-1/2+1/2-1/3+1/3-1/4+1/4-1/5+1/5-1/6+1/6-1/7+1/7-1/8
B<1/1-1/8
B<7/8
mà 7/8<1
⇒B<7/8<1
⇒B<1
b)S=3/1.4+3/4.7+3/7.10+...+3/40.43+3/43.46
S=1/1-1/4+1/4-1/7+1/7-1/10+...+1/40-1/43+1/43-1/46
S=1/1-1/46
S=45/46
Vì 45/46<1 nên S<1
Vậy S<1
Chúc bạn học tốt!
S = 5 + 52 + 53 +...+ 52020 + 52021
5S = 52+ 53 + 54 +...+ 52021 + 52022
5S-S =(52 + 53 + 54 + ... + 52021 + 52022)-(5 + 52 + 53 + ... + 52021)
4S = 52 + 53 + 54 +...+ 52021 + 52022 - 5 - 52 - 53 - ...- 52021
4S = (52 - 52)+(53- 53)+(54 - 54) + ... +(52021 - 52021)+(52022 - 5)
4S = 52022 - 5
4S + 5 = 52022 - 5 + 5
4S + 5 = 52022 (đpcm)
\(S=\frac{5}{20}+\frac{5}{21}+\frac{5}{22}+...+\frac{5}{49}\)
\(S>5\left(\frac{1}{49}+\frac{1}{49}+...+\frac{1}{49}\right)\)(30 số hạng \(\frac{1}{49}\))
\(\Leftrightarrow S>5.\frac{30}{49}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S>\frac{150}{49}=3\frac{3}{49}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>3\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{3}{49}\)
Vậy \(3< S\) (1)
Ta lại có: \(S< 5.\left(\frac{1}{20}+\frac{1}{20}+...+\frac{1}{20}\right)\)(30 số hạng)
\(S< \frac{30}{20}.5=\frac{150}{20}=\frac{15}{2}=7\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 7< 8\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(S< 8\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có đpcm
Bài 1:
\(2^{49}=\left(2^7\right)^7=128^7;5^{21}=\left(5^3\right)^7=125^7\\ Vì:128^7>125^7\Rightarrow2^{49}>5^{21}\)
Bài 2:
\(a,S=1+3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{99}\\ =\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+3^4.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^{96}.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\\ =40+3^4.40+...+3^{96}.40\\ =40.\left(1+3^4+...+3^{96}\right)⋮40\\ b,S=1+4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{62}\\ =\left(1+4+4^2\right)+4^3.\left(1+4+4^2\right)+...+4^{60}.\left(1+4+4^2\right)\\ =21+4^3.21+...+4^{60}.21\\ =21.\left(1+4^3+...+4^{60}\right)⋮21\)
Bài 1 :
\(2^{49}=\left(2^7\right)^7=128^7\)
\(5^{21}=\left(5^3\right)^7=125^7\)
mà \(125^7< 128^7\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{49}>5^{21}\)
Bài 2 :
a) \(S=1+3+3^2+3^3+...3^{99}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+3^4\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)...+3^{96}\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=40+40.3^4+...+40.3^{96}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=40\left(1+3^4+...+3^{96}\right)⋮40\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
b) \(S=1+4+4^2+4^3+...4^{62}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left(1+4+4^2\right)+4^3\left(1+4+4^2\right)+...4^{60}\left(1+4+4^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=21+4^3.21+...4^{60}.21\)
\(\Rightarrow S=21\left(1+4^3+...4^{60}\right)⋮21\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
Tính các tổng sau:
1, S=1-2+3_4+..+25-26
S =-1+3-5+7-...-53+55 ( có 28 số hạng )
= (-1+3)+(-5+7)+...+(-53+55) ( có 28:2=14 nhóm )
= 2+2+...+2
= 2 . 14
= 28
\(S=\frac{5}{2^2}+\frac{5}{3^2}+\frac{5}{4^2}+...+\frac{5}{100^2}\)
\(S=5.\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\right)\)
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{2^2}>\frac{1}{2.3},\frac{1}{3^2}>\frac{1}{3.4},\frac{1}{4^2}>\frac{1}{4.5},...,\frac{1}{100^2}>\frac{1}{100.101}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{100.101}\)
\(\Rightarrow5.\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\right)>5.\left(\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{100.101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S>5.\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S>5.\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S>5.\frac{99}{202}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{495}{202}>\frac{404}{202}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow S>2\)
\(CM:S< 5\)
Ta có :
\(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1.2},\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3},...,\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< 1-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow5.\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\right)< 5.\frac{99}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{495}{100}< \frac{500}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 5\)