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Lời giải:
Xét tổng quát:
1+1k(k+2)=k(k+2)+1k(k+2)=(k+1)2k(k+2)1+1k(k+2)=k(k+2)+1k(k+2)=(k+1)2k(k+2)
Thay k=1,2,....,2015k=1,2,....,2015 ta có:
1+11.3=221.31+11.3=221.3
1+12.4=322.41+12.4=322.4
1+13.5=423.51+13.5=423.5
1+14.6=524.61+14.6=524.6
.............
1+12015.2017=201622015.20171+12015.2017=201622015.2017
Nhân theo vế:
⇒A=12(1+11.3)(1+12.4)(1+13.5)....(1+12015.2017)⇒A=12(1+11.3)(1+12.4)(1+13.5)....(1+12015.2017)
=12.221.3.322.4.423.5.524.6....201622015.2017=12.221.3.322.4.423.5.524.6....201622015.2017
=(1.2.3...2016)2(1.2.3...2015)(2.3.4...2017)=(1.2.3...2016)(2.3....2016)(1.2.3...2015)(2.3.4...2017)=2016.12017=20162017
\(\left(a+\frac{1}{1.3}\right)+\left(a+\frac{1}{3.5}\right)+...+\left(a+\frac{1}{23.25}\right)=11a+\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{27}+\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{243}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow12a+\left(\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+...+\frac{1}{23.25}\right)=11a+\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}+\frac{1}{3^5}\right)\)(1)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+...+\frac{1}{23.25}=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+...+\frac{2}{23.25}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{23}-\frac{1}{25}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{25}\right)=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{24}{25}=\frac{12}{25}\)
Lại có \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}+\frac{1}{3^5}=\frac{3\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}+\frac{1}{3^5}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}+\frac{1}{3^5}\right)}{2}\)
\(=\frac{1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}-\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}-\frac{1}{3^4}-\frac{1}{3^5}}{2}=\frac{1-\frac{1}{3^5}}{2}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3^5.2}\)
Khi đó (1) <=> \(12a-\frac{12}{25}=11a+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3^5.2}\)
=> \(a=\frac{12}{25}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3^5.2}=\frac{49}{50}-\frac{1}{3^5.2}=\frac{49}{50}-\frac{1}{486}=\frac{23764}{24300}\)
Gọi \(A=\left(a+\frac{1}{1.3}\right)+\left(a+\frac{1}{3.5}\right)+\left(a+\frac{1}{5.7}\right)+...+\left(a+\frac{1}{23.25}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=12a+\left(\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+...+\frac{1}{23.25}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=12a+\left[\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+...+\frac{2}{23.25}\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow A=12a+\left[\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{23}-\frac{1}{25}\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow A=12a+\left[\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{25}\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow A=12a+\left(\frac{1}{2}.\frac{24}{25}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=12a+\frac{12}{25}\)
Gọi \(B=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{27}+\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{243}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.3}+\frac{1}{9.3}+\frac{1}{27.3}+\frac{1}{81.3}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{27}+\frac{1}{81}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B-B=1-\frac{1}{243}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=\frac{242}{243}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{121}{243}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=11a+B\)
\(\Rightarrow12a+\frac{12}{25}=11a+\frac{121}{243}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow12a-11a=\frac{121}{243}-\frac{12}{25}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{109}{6075}\)
\(\frac{1}{1.3}+\left|\frac{-1}{3.5}\right|+\left|\frac{-1}{5.7}\right|+...+\left|\frac{-1}{49.51}\right|=\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+...+\frac{1}{49.51}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+...+\frac{2}{49.51}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+....+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{51}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{51}\right)=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{50}{51}=\frac{25}{51}\)
\(\frac{1}{1.3}+\left|-\frac{1}{3.5}\right|+\left|-\frac{1}{5.7}\right|+...+\left|-\frac{1}{49.51}\right|\)
\(=\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+...+\frac{1}{49\cdot51}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+...+\frac{2}{49.51}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{51}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{51}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{50}{51}\)
\(=\frac{25}{51}\)
\(I=\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right).\left(2n+3\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+...+\frac{2}{\left(2n+1\right).\left(2n+3\right)}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+...+\frac{1}{2n+1}-\frac{1}{2n+3}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{2n+3}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2n+2}{2n+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\frac{n+1}{2n+3}\)
\(I=\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n+3\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+...+\frac{2}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n+3\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+...+\frac{1}{2n+1}-\frac{1}{2n+3}=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2n+3}\)
\(=\frac{2n+3}{2n+3}-\frac{1}{2n+3}=\frac{2n+2}{2n+3}\)