Read the text and choose the correct answer.

Last summer, I traveled to the city to visit my aunt for a week. I didn't know it was a wrong choice (1) ___________ I spent some days there. It was dirty. The streets were crowded by cars and buses. Factories were everywhere, and some of them were even in the city center. As a result, there was air (2) ___________. When I walked around the city, I saw people throwing garbage in the streets (3) ___________ not having enough rubbish bins. One day, I decided to go to the beach. Actually, I found rubbish everywhere, and the water wasn't (4) ___________ as I imagined because factories threw their wastewater into the ocean.

In my aunt's house, I wouldn't say I liked how my aunt and her children used water. They took long showers, so they (5) ___________ water every day. They kept the TV and the lights on all day. My aunt kept the water running while washing the dishes. Her husband overused water every time he wanted to wash his car. I tried (6) ___________ to them that overusing water and energy was terrible, but they didn't care. I got angry about that and decided to go back home before my holiday finished. It was (7) ___________ worst holiday I have ever had.

Read the text and choose the correct answer.

Pollution can happen in various environments, such as the air and soil, but water is especially vulnerable. Harmful substances from the areas surrounding a body of water can quickly enter and become part of the water, which causes water pollution.

A. Groundwater

Groundwater is crucial for drinking water, especially in rural areas. Groundwater can get polluted when harmful substances, often from pesticides, fertilizers, and waste materials, travel into an aquifer, a body of rock that holds groundwater. This is a big problem for people in rural areas who depend on groundwater. Once an aquifer is polluted, it's hard to fix, and the contamination can last for thousands of years. Contaminated groundwater can also spread to other bodies of water, like streams and oceans.

B. Surface water

Surface water is found in the oceans, lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water that cover the earth. Surface water worldwide is at high risk of being contaminated, making it unfit for use, be that for drinking, swimming in, etc. The primary source of contamination of surface water is nutrient pollution. This pollution is caused when nutrients, like nitrates and phosphates, travel into bodies of water as fertilizer run-off and farm waste.

C. Ocean water

Most of the pollution in the ocean comes from harmful things on land. Bad stuff like chemicals, nutrients, and heavy metals start on land in farms and factories. Then, they end up in streams and rivers that carry them into the ocean. Trash made by people, like litter, can also end up in the ocean. Wind and storm drains can carry it there. Moreover, the ocean soaks up around a quarter of man-made carbon emissions from the air, contributing to pollution.

Read the text and decide if each statement is Yes, No, or Not Given.

1. Since Mrs. Pang is enthusiastic about gardening, she often grows some fruits and vegetables in the open space at the back of the house. Being environmentally conscious, Mrs. Pang insists on not using chemical fertilizers. She asks the whole family to save all their fruit and vegetable scraps because they can be turned into compost - an extremely rich fertilizer for the soil. As a result of her effort, the Pangs often produce the largest and best fruit and vegetables in the area and sell some of their farm produce to organic stores in nearby towns.

2. Although the Pangs live in the countryside, their house is quite close to the main road. Mrs. Pang often complains about those private cars, not because of the noise they produce, but because of the number of passengers in those private vehicles. 'Private cars are the horrible enemies of the environment,' Mrs. Pang says. She thinks that cars should be shared or not driven at all.

3. Recently, Mrs. Pang and her husband used some of the money they earned from selling their farm produce to buy and install solar panels on the roof and the house's walls. 'These will produce enough to heat the house in winter,' says Mrs. Pang.

4. Under Mrs. Pang's influence, her son, John, has also become an active member of the Green Club in his school. 'Every one of us should protect our environment, and it is better to start at home,' says John. 'It makes a difference when we have started to love our environment.'

5. Now, John and the other members are busy organizing a workshop showing the significance of environmental protection. 'We should avoid creating a lot of waste at home by using fewer bottles and less paper. Besides, we should learn how to recycle things. When we go out, we should avoid buying things that use excessive packaging as it damages the environment.'