CMR: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{1}{m+1}+\frac{a\times\left(m+1\right)-b}{b\times m+1}\) với b khác 0
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Ta cần chứng minh \((1+a)(1+b)(1+c) \geq (1+\sqrt[3]{abc})^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 1+abc+ab+bc+ca+a+b+c \geq 1+3\sqrt[3]{(abc)^2}+3\sqrt[3]{abc}+abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca+a+b+c \geq 3\sqrt[3]{(abc)^2}+3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
Đúng theo BĐT AM-GM. Áp dụng vào ta có:
\(\left(1+\frac{1}{a} \right)\left(1+\frac{1}{b} \right)\left(1+\frac{1}{c} \right)=\dfrac{(1+a)(1+b)(1+c)}{abc} \geq \dfrac{(1+\sqrt[3]{abc})^3}{abc} \geq 64\)
Từ \(a+b+c=1 \Rightarrow abc\le \frac{1}{27}\) \(\Rightarrow \dfrac{(1+\sqrt[3]{abc})^3}{abc}=\bigg(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}+1\bigg)^3 \geq 64\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
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\(\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}=\frac{a+b+b+c+c+a}{c+a+b}=2\)(T/C...)
Xét a+b+c=0
\(\Rightarrow a+b=-c,c+b=-a,a+c=-b\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1+\frac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{c}{a}\right)=\frac{a+b}{b}\cdot\frac{b+c}{c}\cdot\frac{a+c}{a}=\frac{-c}{b}\cdot\frac{-a}{c}\cdot\frac{-b}{a}=-1\)
Xét a+b+c\(\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=2c,b+c=2a,c+a=2b\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1+\frac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{c}{a}\right)=\frac{a+b}{b}\cdot\frac{b+c}{c}\cdot\frac{a+c}{a}=\frac{2c}{b}\cdot\frac{2a}{c}\cdot\frac{2b}{a}=8\)
Giải:
+) Xét a + b + c = 0
\(\Rightarrow-a=b+c\)
\(\Rightarrow-b=a+c\)
\(\Rightarrow-c=a+b\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}=\frac{-c}{c}=\frac{-a}{a}=\frac{-b}{b}=-1\)
Lại có: \(M=\left(1+\frac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{c}{a}\right)=\frac{a+b}{b}.\frac{b+c}{c}.\frac{c+a}{a}=\frac{a+b}{c}.\frac{b+c}{a}.\frac{c+a}{b}=-1\)
+) Xét \(a+b+c\ne0\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}=\frac{a+b+b+c+c+a}{a+b+c}=\frac{2a+2b+2c}{a+b+c}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)
Ta có:
\(M=\left(1+\frac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{c}{a}\right)=\frac{a+b}{b}.\frac{b+c}{c}.\frac{a+c}{a}=\frac{a+b}{c}.\frac{b+c}{a}.\frac{c+a}{b}=2.2.2=8\)
Vậy M = -1 hoặc M = 8
Xét vế phải : \(\frac{1}{m+1}+\frac{a.\left(m+1\right)-b}{b.\left(m+1\right)}=\frac{1}{m+1}+\frac{a\left(m+1\right)}{b\left(m+1\right)}-\frac{b}{b\left(m+1\right)}=\frac{1}{m+1}+\frac{a}{b}-\frac{1}{m+1}=\frac{a}{b}\) = vế trái
Vậy suy ra đpcm