cho a,b,c>0. Chứng minh rằng \(\left(a+\frac{1}{b}-1\right)\left(b+\frac{1}{c}-1\right)+\left(b+\frac{1}{c}-1\right)\left(c+\frac{1}{a}-1\right)+\left(c+\frac{1}{a}-1\right)\left(a+\frac{1}{b}-1\right)>=3\)
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\(3=a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(abc\le1\)
\(VT=\frac{a^3\left(a+1\right)+b^3\left(b+1\right)+c^3\left(c+1\right)}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}=\frac{a^4+b^4+c^4+a^3+b^3+c^3}{a+b+c+ab+bc+ca+abc+1}\)
\(\ge\frac{\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3}+\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a+b+c}}{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}+5}=\frac{\frac{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^4}{9}}{3}+\frac{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^4}{9}}{3}}{8}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{\frac{3^4}{9}}{3}}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Xét ~~~~\(\left(a-\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(b-\frac{1}{c}\right)\left(c-\frac{1}{a}\right)\ge\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(b-\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(c-\frac{1}{c}\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(ab-1\right)\left(bc-1\right)\left(ca-1\right)}{abc}\ge\frac{\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)}{abc}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab-1\right)\left(bc-1\right)\left(ca-1\right)\ge\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\)(Do a,b,c không nhỏ hơn 1 nên abc > 0)\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2c^2-\left(abc^2+ab^2c+a^2bc\right)+\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-1\ge a^2b^2c^2-\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)+\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-1\)\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(abc^2+ab^2c+a^2bc\right)+\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge-\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)+\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)-2\left(abc^2+ab^2c+a^2bc\right)\ge2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(bc-ca\right)^2+\left(ab-bc\right)^2+\left(ca-ab\right)^2\ge\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow c^2\left(a-b\right)^2+b^2\left(a-c\right)^2+a^2\left(b-c\right)^2\ge\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(c^2-1\right)\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b^2-1\right)\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\)(Đúng do a,b,c không nhỏ hơn 1)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c hoặc (a,b,c) = (1,1,k) (k bất kì) và các hoán vị
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
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Ta có:\(\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{\left(a-c\right)-\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{a-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}-\frac{a-b}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{1}{a-b}-\frac{1}{a-c}=\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}\left(1\right)\)Chứng minh tương tự,ta có:\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}=\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{a-b}\left(2\right)\\\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Từ (1);(2);(3) suy ra:\(\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}+\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)^{đpcm}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
2) Theo nguyên lí Dirichlet, trong ba số \(a^2-1;b^2-1;c^2-1\) có ít nhất hai số nằm cùng phía với 1.
Giả sử đó là a2 - 1 và b2 - 1. Khi đó \(\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2-a^2-b^2+1\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+3a^2+3b^2+9\ge4a^2+4b^2+8\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+3\right)\left(b^2+3\right)\ge4\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+3\right)\left(b^2+3\right)\left(c^2+3\right)\ge4\left(a^2+b^2+1+1\right)\left(1+1+c^2+1\right)\) (2)
Mà \(4\left[\left(a^2+b^2+1+1\right)\left(1+1+c^2+1\right)\right]\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\) (3)(Áp dụng Bunhicopxki và cái ngoặc vuông)
Từ (2) và (3) ta có đpcm.
Sai thì chịu
Xí quên bài 2 b:v
b) Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(\left(a^2-\frac{1}{4}\right)\left(b^2-\frac{1}{4}\right)\ge0\)
Suy ra \(a^2b^2-\frac{1}{4}a^2-\frac{1}{4}b^2+\frac{1}{16}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+a^2+b^2+1\ge\frac{5}{4}a^2+\frac{5}{4}b^2+\frac{15}{16}\)
Hay \(\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(a^2+b^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
Suy ra \(\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(a^2+b^2+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}+c^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2}a+\frac{1}{2}b+\frac{1}{2}c+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=\frac{5}{16}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\) (Bunhiacopxki) (đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
ta có: \(\frac{a}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{b}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{c}{\left(c+1\right)\left(a+1\right)}.\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a.b.c}{\left(a+1\right)^2.\left(b+1\right)^2.\left(c+1\right)^2}}=\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{\left(a+1\right)^2.\left(b+1\right)^2.\left(c+1\right)^2}}\) (vì abc=1) (*)
Mặt khác: \(\left(a+1\right)^2.\left(b+1\right)^2.\left(c+1\right)^2\ge64abc=64=4^3\) (vì abc=1)
=> \(\sqrt[3]{\left(a+1\right)^2.\left(b+1\right)^2.\left(c+1\right)^2}\ge4\) (**)
Từ (*), (**)=> đpcm
Bạn dưới kia làm ngược dấu thì phải,mà bài này hình như là mũ 3
\(\frac{a^3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{a+1}{8}+\frac{b+1}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}{64\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}}=\frac{3a}{4}\)
Tương tự rồi cộng lại:
\(RHS+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)+6}{8}\ge\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow RHS\ge\frac{3}{4}\) tại a=b=c=1
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt[3]{abc}}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
cauchy-schwarz:
\(VT=\frac{c^2}{ac^2+bc^2}+\frac{a^2}{a^2b+a^2c}+\frac{b^2}{b^2c+b^2a}+\frac{\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}}{2abc}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)