7.Cho 200 ml dung dịch NaOH 0.5M hòa tan 300ml HCl 0.5M tạo thành dung dịch A . Tính nồng độ mol của các chất trong dung dịch A
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\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
\(0.1...........0.1.........0.1\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0.24\cdot0.5=0.12\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)
\(0.12..........0.06\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0.1+0.06=0.16\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.16}{1}=0.16\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0.06}{0.16}=0.375\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{M_{CuSO_4}}=\dfrac{0.1}{0.16}=0.625\left(M\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Câu 1:
PTHH: \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(mol\right)=n_{NaOH}\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2\left(M\right)\)
Câu 2: Bạn xem lại đề !!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 1:
\(a.n_{NaOH\left(tổng\right)}=0,05.1+0,2.0,2=0,09\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddNaOH\left(tổng\right)}=50+200=250\left(ml\right)=0,25\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddNaOH\left(cuối\right)}=\dfrac{0,09}{0,25}=0,36\left(M\right)\\ b.n_{HCl}=0,5.0,02=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,08.0,2=0,016\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddsau}=20+80=100\left(ml\right)=0,1\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,016}{0,1}=0,16\left(M\right)\\ C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,01}{0,1}=0,1\left(M\right)\)
Bài 2:
\(a.m_{H_2SO_4}=29,4.10\%=2,94\left(g\right)\\ b.n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{2,94}{98}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,56}{56}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,01}{1}< \dfrac{0,03}{1}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4dư\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,03-0,01=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,02.98=1,96\left(g\right)\\ n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,01.22,4=0,224\left(l\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
200ml = 0,2l
300ml = 0,3l
\(n_{NaOH}=1.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,8.0,3=0,24\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O|\)
1 1 1 1
0,2 0,24 0,2
b) Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,24}{1}\)
⇒ NaOH phản ứng hết , HCl dư
⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của NaOH
\(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,24-0,2=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{ddspu}=0,2+0,3=0,5\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,5}=0,08\left(M\right)\)
c) Cho quỳ tím vào dung dịch A , quỳ tím sẽ chuyển sang màu đỏ
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(n_{NaOH}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=0,3.0,8=0,24\left(mol\right)\\ a.NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\\b. Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,24}{1}\\ \Rightarrow HCldư\\ n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=n_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,24-0,2=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddsau}=0,2+0,3=0,5\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,5}=0,08\left(M\right)\\ C_{MddNaCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=a\left(M\right),C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=b\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=a\left(mol\right),n_{H_2SO_4}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0.4\cdot0.5=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
\(a..........a.........a\)
\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
\(2b............b..........b\)
\(n_{NaOH}=a+2b=0.2\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(m_{muối}=58.5a+142b=12.95\left(g\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.1,b=0.05\)
\(\left[H^+\right]=0.1+0.05\cdot2=0.2\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[Cl^-\right]=0.1\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=0.05\left(M\right)\)
\(b.\)
\(pH=-log\left(0.2\right)=0.7\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{CuCl_2}=0,3.0,5=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuCl_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,15.98=14,7\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=2n_{CuCl_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,25}=1,2\left(M\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a)n_{NaOH}=0,5.0,2=0,1mol\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.1=0,3mol\\2 NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4.dư\\ 2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
0,1 0,05 0,05 0,1
\(C_M\) \(_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2+0,3}=0,1M\)
\(C_M\) \(_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3-0,05}{0,2+0,3}=0,5M\)
b) Vì H2SO4 dư nên quỳ tím hoá đỏ.
\(n_{NaOH}=0,5.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=0,5.0,3=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
Mol: 0,1 0,1 0,1
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,15}{1}\) ⇒ NaOH hết, HCl dư
Vdd sau pứ = 0,2 + 0,3 = 0,5 (l)
\(C_{M_{ddNaCl}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2M\)
\(C_{M_{ddHCldư}}=\dfrac{0,15-0,1}{0,5}=0,1M\)