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PAPER RECYCLINGA Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. Unlike the minerals and oil used to make plastics and metals, trees are replaceable. Paper is also biodegradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded. While 45 out of every 100 tonnes of wood fibre used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fibre from forests and plantations. By world standards, this is a good performance since the worldwide average is 33 percent waste paper. Governments have encouraged waste paper collection and sorting schemes and at the same time, the paper industry has responded by developing new recycling technologies that have paved the way for even greater utilization of used fibre. As a result, industry’s use of recycled fibres is expected to increase at twice the rate of virgin fibre over the coming years.
B Already, waste paper constitutes 70% of paper used for packaging and advances in the technology required to remove ink from the paper have allowed a higher recycled content in newsprint and writing paper. To achieve the benefits of recycling, the community must also contribute. We need to accept a change in the quality of paper products; for example, stationery may be less white and of a rougher texture. There also needs to support from the community for waste paper collection programs. Not only do we need to make the paper available to collectors but it also needs to be separated into different types and sorted from contaminants such as staples, paperclips, string and other miscellaneous items.
C There are technical limitations to the amount of paper which can be recycled and some paper products cannot be collected for re-use. These include paper in the form of books and permanent records, photographic paper and paper which is badly contaminated. The four most common sources of paper for recycling are factories and retail stores which gather large amounts of packaging material in which goods are delivered, also offices which have unwanted business documents and computer output, paper converters and printers and lastly households which discard newspapers and packaging material. The paper manufacturer pays a price for the paper and may also incur the collection cost.
D Once collected, the paper has to be sorted by hand by people trained to recognise various types of paper. This is necessary because some types of paper can only be made from particular kinds of recycled fibre. The sorted paper then has to be repulped or mixed with water and broken down into its individual fibres. This mixture is called stock and may contain a wide variety of contaminating materials, particularly if it is made from mixed waste paper which has had little sorting. Various machineries are used to remove other materials from the stock. After passing through the repulping process, the fibres from printed waste paper are grey in colour because the printing ink has soaked into the individual fibres. This recycled material can only be used in products where the grey colour does not matter, such as cardboard boxes but if the grey colour is not acceptable, the fibres must be de-inked. This involves adding chemicals such as caustic soda or other alkalis, soaps and detergents, water-hardening agents such as calcium chloride, frothing agents and bleaching agents. Before the recycled fibres can be made into paper they must be refined or treated in such a way that they bond together.
E Most paper products must contain some virgin fibre as well as recycled fibres and unlike glass, paper cannot be recycled indefinitely. Most paper is down-cycled which means that a product made from recycled paper is of an inferior quality to the original paper. Recycling paper is beneficial in that it saves some of the energy, labour and capital that go into producing virgin pulp. However, recycling requires the use of fossil fuel, a non-renewable energy source, to collect the waste paper from the community and to process it to produce new paper. And the recycling process still creates emissions which require treatment before they can be disposed of safely. Nevertheless, paper recycling is an important economical and environmental practice but one which must be carried out in a rational and viable manner for it to be useful to both industry and the community.
i. Process of paper recycling
ii. Less threat of waste paper to the environment
iii. Collection of paper for recycling
iv. Sources of paper for recycling
v. Bad sides of paper recycling
vi. Contribution of community to recycling paper
Your answer:
1. Paragraph A ...........iii. Collection of paper for recycling............
2. Paragraph B ..........vi. Contribution of community to recycling paper.............
3. Paragraph C ...........iv. Sources of paper for recycling............
4. Paragraph D ............i. Process of paper recycling...........
5. Paragraph E ...........v. Bad sides of paper recycling............
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2. _____ my grandfather is very old he still goes fishing with his friends every Sunday.
a. because b. although c. despite d. in spite of
3. Some of the new horror movies are _____ because they are so realistic
a. frighten b. frightened c. frightful d. frightening
4. These trees hadn't grown realistic ____there had been enough water
a. when b. as c.if d. unless
5. They are talking realistic the discussion along with many other take _____ organizations.
a. apart b. after c. part in d. up
6, Our grandparents do morning exercises regularly _____ improve their health.
a. so as to not b. in order that c. so that d. in order to
7. Lady Gaga's a new album is very _____ thousands of CDs were sold only on the first day
a. popularity b. population c. popularize d. popular
8. My mother bought a lot of seafood this morning. We _____ barbecue in the garden tonight.
a. have had b. will have c. have d. are going to have
9. Before the competitors joined the world cup, they _____careful preparation.
a. made b. has made c. was making d. had made
10. Tom " _____ beef do you need to buy for spaghetti" - Mary " Only one kilo"
a. how much b. how far c. how many d. how long
11. Many species of wildlife are _____ of extinction
a. in dangers b. on the verge c. on the side d. at risk
MARK THE LETTER A, B, C OR D ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET TO INDICATE THE UNDERLINED PART THAT NEED CORRECTION IN EACH OF THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS FROM 12 to 15
12. ( The ) new television model has just ( being ) ( displayed) by ( our) company. BEEN
13. If ( my ) brother hadn't (followed) your advice, he (wouldn't have ) such a (wonderful) WONDERFULNESS
14. I can't believe how ( much ) Johny (changed) since the last time I ( saw) him (in London) HAS CHANGED
15. Thanks to many ( scientific discoveries) and inventions. We can (enjoy) more and more (excited films ) with a lot of ( wonderful ) scenes. EXCITING FILMS
READ THE FOLLOWING PASSAGE AND MARK THE LETTER ABC OR D ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET TO INDICATE THE CORRECT WORD FOR EACH OF THE BLANKS FROM 16 to 20
Music plays an important (16)____ in our daily lives. it would be impossible for a day to go by without music. music serves many functions within our society: it (17)_____ to entertain, relax, motivate, persuade, teach, treat diseases, promote and so on advertiser are fully aware (18)______ the role music can play in entering the mind of the consumer. for example. the most effective way to add the memory of the consumer is to accompany an advertisement with and (19)_____ song, once the consumer like that song they might remember the brand name of the advertised product as well they will choose that product while standing in front of a shell full of goods of different brand names music at special occasions is essential. At the Olympic sports events, it is interesting to observe how music is played. entertainment is an obvious function but further music at such events help create an exciting atmosphere the use of national (20)_____ is to promote the feeling of patriotism thus encouraging the athletes to make great efforts
16. a . place b. thing c. life d. part
17. a. used b. is used c. using d. to use
18. over b. of c. to d. about
19. interest b. to interest c. interesting d. interested
20. a . anthems b. classical music c. songs d. folk music
21. Peter and Mary are talking about some activities which they do in their free time
-Peter: I love listening to music. I often download 500 songs every day
- Mary ______
a/ you must be kidding
b. i don't believe in you
c. that's what i think
d. that sounds like fun
22. Henry and Jack are having lunch at the local restaurant. They see someone is smoking there
Henry: I think smoking should be banned in all restaurants - Jack _____
a. I don't know about that b. I don't care for all
c. I couldn't agree with you more.
d. Sorry but I don't think I can make it.
CLOSET
23. We need to express what we feel letting out the emotions through word and actions.
a. talk b. speak c. show d. say
24. Water pollution is more and more serious due to the tests of nuclear weapons in the seas
a. elimination b. environment c. contamination d. circulation
MARKT HE LETTER ABC OR D ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET TO INDICATE THE WORD THAT DIFFERS FROM THE REST IN POSITION OF THE MAIN STRESS IN EACH OF THE FOLLOWING QUESTION FROM 25 to 26
25. a. semester b. audience c. language d. solemn
26. a. environment b. entertainment c. conservation d. popularity
27. a. misses b. arrives c. finishes d. teaches
28 a. eliminated b. protected c. visited d. destroyed
OPPOSITE
29. Without plants. Most water would run off as soon as it falls talking away valuable soil.
a. impossible b. rich c. unimportant d. precious
30. My mother is a live wire who is always as busy as a bee
a. leisurely b. suitably c. freely d. appropriately
WRITING
36. If he_____ more carefully, he couldn't make so many mistakes in his writing (write) WRITES
37. Don't be jealous of their _____ try your best and you'll have it (successful) SUCCESS
38. the classrooms are being _____ by the students at the moment. (decorate) DECORATED
39. I never watch that _____ film. When I watch a thriller. I can't sleep well ( thriller) THRILLING
40, Scientists have overcome many of the challenges of the _____ by using modern devices ( deep) DEPTH
FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH ONE SUITABLE WORD THAT MAKES THE SENTENCE MEANINGFUL
41. we've already met the man _____ often appears on television every night. WHO
42. Mary was interested _____ drawing when she was a child. IN
43. I looked up the new words in the dictionary in _____ to find the meanings of them. ORDER
44. mike: what was the score of the football match _____ Vietnam and Thailand. BETWEEN
jack: by one to nil
45. Kaen still wanted to come to the cinema with us _____ she had already seen the film. ALTHOUGH
REWRITE
46. Kenvis didn't finish his report until last Thursday.
-> It was not until last Thursday that Kenvis didn't finish his report.
47. We reserve these seats for special guests who will come at 7 pm.
-> These seats are reserved for special guest who will come at 7 pm.
48. Jack doesn't have time to talk to us because he is busy with his homework.
-> If Jack wasn't busy with his homework, he would have time to talk to us.
49. He didn't like dramas until he watched the one played by Thanh Loc.
-> Not until did he like dramas but also he didn't watch the one played by Thanh Loc.
50. Huong didn't study english well in high school so she doesn't have many job opportunities now.
-> Huong would have had many job opportunities now if she had studied English well in high school.
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2. _____ my grandfather is very old he still goes fishing with his friends every sunday
a. because b. although c. despite d. in spite of
3. some of the new horror movies are _____ because they are so realistic
a. frighten b. frightened c. frightful d. frightening
4. these trees hadn't grown realistic there had been enough water
a. when b. as c. if d. unless
5. they are talking realistic the discussion along with many other organizations
a. apart b. after c. part in d. up
6, our grandparents do morning exercises regularly _____ improve thier health
a. so as to not b. in order that c. so that d. in order to
7. lady gaga's a new album is very _____ thousands of cds were sold only on the frist day
a. popularity b. popularuation c. popularize d. popular
8. my mother bought a lot of seafood this morning. we _____ barbecue in the garden tonight
a. have had b. will have c. have d. are going to have
9. before the competitors joined the world cup, they _____careful preparation
a. made b. has made c. was making d. had made
10. tom " _____ beef do you need to buy for spaghetti" - mary " only one kilo"
a. how much b. how far c. how many d. how long
11. many species of wild life are _____ of extinction
a. in dangers b. on the verge c. on the side d. at risk
MARK THE LETTER ABC OR D ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET TO INDICATE THE UNDERLINED PART THAT NEED CORRECTION IN EACH OF THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS FROM 12 to 15
12. ( The ) new television model has just ( being ) ( displayed) by ( our) company
13. if ( my ) brother hadn't (followed) your advice, he (wouldn't have ) such a (wonderful)
14. i can't believe how ( much ) johny (changed) since the last time i ( saw) him (in london)
15 thanks to many ( scientific discoveries) and inventions . we can (enjoy) more and more (excited films ) with a lot of ( wonderful ) scenes
READ THE FOLLOWING PASAGE AND MARK THE LETTER ABC OR D ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET TO INDICATE THE CORRECT WORD FOR EACH OF THE BLANKS FROM 16 to 20
Music plays an importan (16) in our daily lives. it would be impossible for a day to go by without music. music serves many function within ourr society : it (17)
to entertain, relax, motivate, persuade, teach, treat diseases, promote and so on
advertiser are fully aware (18) the role music can play in entering the mind of the consumer. for example. the most effective way to aidd the memory of the comsumer is to accompany an advertisement with and (19) song, once the comsumer like that song they might remember the brand name of the advertised product as well they will choose that product while standing in front of a shell full of goods of different brand names
music at special occasions is essential. at the olympic sports events it is interesting to observe how music is played. entertainment is and obious funcition but further music at such events helpscreat an exciting atmosphere the use of national (20) is to prmote the felling of partriotism thus encouraging the athietes to make greator efforts
16. a . place b. thing c. life d. part
17. a. used b. is used c. using d. to use
18. over b. of c. to d. about
19. interest b. to interest c. interesting d. interested
20. a . athems b. classical music c. songs d. folk music
21. peter and mary are talking about some activitles which they do in their free time
-peter : i love listening to music . i often download 500 songs every day
- mary ______
a/ you must be kidding
b. i don't believe in you
c. that's what i think
d. that sounds like fun
22. henry and jack are haing lunch at the local restaurant. they sse someone is smoking there
henry : i think smoking should be banned in all restaurants - jack _____
a. i don't know about that b. i don't care for all
c. i couldn't agree with you more
d. sorry but i don't think i can make it
CLOSET
23. we need to express what we feel letting out the emotions through word and actions
a. talk b. speak c. show d. say
24.water pollution is more and more serious due to the tests of nuclear weapons in the seas
a. elimination b. enviroment c. contamination d. circulation
MARKT HE LETTER ABC OR D ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET TO INDICATE THE WORD THAT DIFFERS FROM THE REST IN POSITION OF THE MAIN STRESS IN EACH OF FOLLOWING QUESTION FROM 25 to 26
25. a. semsester b. audience c. language d. solemn
26. a. environment b. entertainment c. conservatioon d. popularity
27. a. misses b. arrives c. finishes d. teaches
28 a. eliminated b. protected c. visited d. destroyed
OPPOSSITE
29. with out plants . most water would run off as soon as it falls talking away valuable soil
a. impossible b. rich c. unimportant d. precious
30. my mother is a live wire who is always as busy as a bee
a. leisurely b. suitably c. freely d. appropriately
writing
36. if he__wrote___ more carefully he couldn't make so many mistakes in his writing (write) (điều kiện loại 2)
37. don't be jealous with their _success____ try your best and you'll have it (successful) (sau sở hữu là danh từ)
38. the classrooms are being _decorated____ by the students at the moment. (decorate) (câu bị động hiện tại tiếp diễn)
39. i never watch that __thrilling___ film . when i watch a thriller . i can't sleep well ( thriller) (trước danh từ là tính từ)
40, scientists have overcome many of the challengers of the _____ by using moderm devices ( deep)
FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH ONE SUITABLE WORRD THAT MAKES THE SENTENCE MEANINGFUL
41. we've already met the man _who____ often appears on television every night
42. mery was interested __in___ drawing when she was a child
43. i looked up the new words in the dictionary in _order____ to find the meanings of them
44. mike : what was the score of the football match __between___ vietnam and thailand
jack : by one to nil
45. kaen still wanted to come to the cinema with us __although___ she had already seen the film
REWRITE
46. Kenvis didn't finish his report until last thurday
-> it was
47. we reserve these seats for special guests who will come at 7 pm
-> these
48. jack doesn't have time to talk to us because he is busy with his homework
-> if jack
49. he didn't like dramas until he watched the one played by thanh loc
-> not until
50. huong didn't study english well in high school so she doesn't have many job opportunities now
-> huong would
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Learning a language is, in some way, like (1) __learning________________ how to fly or play the piano. There (2) ____are_____________ important differences, but there is a very important similarity. It is this: learning how to do such things needs lots (3) ___of________ practice. It is never simply to “know” something. You must be able to “do” things with what (4) ___you________ know. For example, it is not enough simply to read a book on (5) ____how__________ to fly an aeroplane. A (6) ______book_____ can give you lots of information about how to fly, but if only read a book and then try to (7) _____fly________ without a great deal of practice first, you will crash and kill (8) ____yourself________ . The same is true of (9) ____playing__________ the piano. So you think it is enough simply to read about it? Can you play the piano without having lots of (10) _________practice________ first?
Learning a language is, in some way, like (1) learning how to fly or play the piano. There (2) are important differences, but there is a very important similarity. It is this: learning how to do such things needs lots (3) of practice. It is never simply to “know” something. You must be able to “do” things with what (4) you know. For example, it is not enough simply to read a book on (5) know to fly an aeroplane. A (6) book can give you lots of information about how to fly, but if only read a book and then try to (7) fly without a great deal of practice first, you will crash and kill (8) yourself . The same is true of (9) playing the piano. So you think it is enough simply to read about it? Can you play the piano without having lots of (10) practice first?