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A B C
a) \(\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}=0\) do \(AB\perp AC\).
b)
\(BC=\sqrt{AB^2+AC^2}=\sqrt{a^2+a^2}=\sqrt{2}a\).
\(\overrightarrow{BA}.\overrightarrow{BC}=BA.BC.cos\left(\overrightarrow{BA},\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=a.\sqrt{2}a.cos45^o=a^2\).
c) \(\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{BC}=-\overrightarrow{BA}.\overrightarrow{BC}=-a^2\).
A B C a
a) \(\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}=AB.AC.cos\left(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=a.a.cos60^o=a.a.\dfrac{1}{2}\)\(=\dfrac{a^2}{2}\).
\(\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{BC}=-\overrightarrow{BA}.\overrightarrow{BC}==-a.a.cos\left(\overrightarrow{BA},\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\)\(=-a.a.cos60^o=-\dfrac{a^2}{2}\).
\(\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}\right|.\left|\overrightarrow{AC}\right|.cos\left(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=a.a.cos60=\dfrac{1}{2}a^2\)\(\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{BC}=-\overrightarrow{BA}.\overrightarrow{BC}=-\left(\overrightarrow{BA}.\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=-\left(\left|\overrightarrow{BA}\right|.\left|\overrightarrow{BC}\right|.cos\left(\overrightarrow{BA},\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\right)=-\left(a.a.cos60\right)=-\dfrac{1}{2}a^2\)
Lời giải:
\(|\overrightarrow{AB}|=BC\cos B=2.\cos 60^0=1\) (cm)
\(|\overrightarrow{AC}|=BC\sin B=2.\sin 60^0=\sqrt{3}\) (cm)
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Do tam giác $ABC$ vuông tại $A$ nên $\overrightarrow{AB}\perp \overrightarrow{AC}\Rightarrow \overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}=0$. Do đó:
\(|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}|^2=(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC})^2=AB^2+AC^2+2\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(=BC^2+0=BC^2=4\) (cm)
$\Rightarrow |\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}|=2$ (cm)
Tương tự:
\(|\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AC}|^2=AB^2+AC^2-2\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}=AB^2+AC^2=BC^2=4\)
$\Rightarrow |\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AC}|=2$ (cm)
Lời giải:
\(|\overrightarrow{AB}|=BC\cos B=2.\cos 60^0=1\) (cm)
\(|\overrightarrow{AC}|=BC\sin B=2.\sin 60^0=\sqrt{3}\) (cm)
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Do tam giác $ABC$ vuông tại $A$ nên $\overrightarrow{AB}\perp \overrightarrow{AC}\Rightarrow \overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}=0$. Do đó:
\(|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}|^2=(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC})^2=AB^2+AC^2+2\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(=BC^2+0=BC^2=4\) (cm)
$\Rightarrow |\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}|=2$ (cm)
Tương tự:
\(|\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AC}|^2=AB^2+AC^2-2\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}=AB^2+AC^2=BC^2=4\)
$\Rightarrow |\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AC}|=2$ (cm)
a) Có \(\overrightarrow{BC}^2=\left(\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AB}\right)^2=\overrightarrow{AC}^2+\overrightarrow{AB}^2-2\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{AB}\)
Suy ra: \(\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{AB}=\dfrac{\overrightarrow{AC^2}+\overrightarrow{AB}^2-\overrightarrow{BC}^2}{2}=\dfrac{8^2+6^2-11^2}{2}=-\dfrac{21}{2}\).
Do \(\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{AB}< 0\) nên \(cos\widehat{BAC}< 0\) suy ra góc A là góc tù.
b) Từ câu a suy ra: \(cos\widehat{BAC}=\dfrac{\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}}{\left|\overrightarrow{AB}\right|.\left|\overrightarrow{AC}\right|}=-\dfrac{21}{2.6.8}=-\dfrac{7}{32}\).
Do N là trung điểm của AC nên \(AN=AC:2=8:2=4cm\).
\(\overrightarrow{AM}.\overrightarrow{AN}=AM.AN.cos\left(\overrightarrow{AM},\overrightarrow{AN}\right)\)
\(=2.4.cos\left(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=2.4.\dfrac{-7}{32}=-\dfrac{7}{4}\).
Do tam giác ABC vuông tại A và \(\widehat{B}=30^o\) \(\Rightarrow C=60^o\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=150^o;\)\(\left(\overrightarrow{BA},\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=30^o;\left(\overrightarrow{AC},\overrightarrow{CB}\right)=120^o\)
\(\left(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=90^o;\left(\overrightarrow{BC},\overrightarrow{BA}\right)=30^o\).Do vậy:
a) \(\cos\left(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{BC}\right)+\sin\left(\overrightarrow{BA},\overrightarrow{BC}\right)+\tan\frac{\left(\overrightarrow{AC},\overrightarrow{CB}\right)}{2}\)
\(=\cos150^o+\sin30^o+\tan60^o\)
\(=-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\sqrt{3}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2}\)
b) \(\sin\left(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{AC}\right)+\cos\left(\overrightarrow{BC},\overrightarrow{AB}\right)+\cos\left(\overrightarrow{CA},\overrightarrow{BA}\right)\)
\(=\sin90^o+\cos30^o+\cos0^o\)
\(=1+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
AB.AC= |AB||AC|.cos(ab,ac)=-35/2
AB.BC=AB(BA+AC)=-49+ -35/2=-133/2