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Ta có \(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}+\dfrac{2}{xyz}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(yz\right)^2+\left(xz\right)^2+\left(xy\right)^2+2xyz}{\left(xyz\right)^2}=1\)
<=> (xy)2 + (yz)2 + (zx)2 + 2xyz = (xyz)2
<=> (xy)2 + (yz)2 + (xz)2 + 2xyz(x + y + z) = (xyz)2
<=> (xy + yz + zx)2 = (xyz)2
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}xy+yz+zx=xyz\\xy+yz+zx=-xyz\end{matrix}\right.\)
+) Khi xy + yz + zx = -xyz
=> \(\dfrac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=-1< 0\left(\text{loại}\right)\)
=> xy + yz + zx = xyz
<=> \(xyz\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=xyz\Leftrightarrow xyz\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}-1\right)=0\)
<=> \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=1\)
<=> \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\)
<=> \(\dfrac{x+y}{xy}=\dfrac{-\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)z}\)
<=> \(\left(x+y\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{xz+yz+z^2}+\dfrac{1}{xy}\right)=0\)
<=> \(\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{\left(zx+yz+z^2\right)xy}=0\)
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\y=-z\\z=-x\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khi x = -y => y = 1 => P = 1
Tương tự y = -z ; z = -x được P = 1
Vậy P = 1
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Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(x\sqrt{2020-y^2}+y\sqrt{2020-z^2}+z\sqrt{2020-x^2}\leq \frac{x^2+(2020-y^2)}{2}+\frac{y^2+(2020-z^2)}{2}+\frac{z^2+(2020-x^2)}{2}=3030\)Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} x^2=2020-y^2\\ y^2=2020-z^2\\ z^2=2020-x^2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=y=z=\sqrt{1010}\)
Khi đó:
$A=3(\sqrt{1010})^2=3030$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\dfrac{2023}{xy+yz+zx}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\dfrac{1}{xy+yz+zx}+\dfrac{1}{xy+yz+zx}+\dfrac{2021}{xy+yz+zx}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}+\dfrac{2021}{\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}\)\(=9+\dfrac{2021}{\dfrac{1}{3}}=6072\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Ta có:
+) \(xy+yz+zx\le\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\left(\text{Cô si}\right)\)
+) \(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\dfrac{1}{xy+yz+zx}+\dfrac{1}{xy+yz+zx}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{9}{x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\dfrac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\left(\text{Svácxơ}\right)\)
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Do vế phải lẻ nên vế trái lẻ
- TH1: Cả 3 số đều lẻ, đặt \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(2k+1;2m+1;2n+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2m+1\right)^2+\left(2n+1\right)^2+\left(2k+1\right)^2=2023\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m\left(m+1\right)+n\left(n+1\right)+k\left(k+1\right)=505\)
Mà \(m\left(m+1\right);n\left(n+1\right);k\left(k+1\right)\) đều là tích 2 số nguyên liên tiếp \(\Rightarrow\) vế trái chẵn, trong khi vế phải lẻ \(\Rightarrow\) pt vô nghiệm
- TH2: 2 số chẵn 1 số lẻ, do vai trò 3 số là như nhau nên giả sử x;y chẵn và z lẻ, đặt \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(2k;2m;2n+1\right)\)
\(4k^2+4m^2+\left(2n+1\right)^2=2023\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(k^2+m^2+n^2+n\right)=2022\)
Vế trái chia hết cho 4, vế phải ko chia hết cho 4 nên pt vô nghiệm
Vậy ko tồn tại x;y;z nguyên thỏa mãn
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1, A= y^3(1-y)^2 = 4/9 . y^3 . 9/4 (1-y)^2
= 4/9 .y.y.y . (3/2-3/2.y)^2
=4/9 .y.y.y (3/2-3/2.y)(3/2-3/2.y)
<= 4/9 (y+y+y+3/2-3/2.y+3/2-3/2.y)^5
=4/9 . 243/3125
=108/3125
Đến đó tự giải
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\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+2022}-\sqrt{y+2022}\right)+\left(x^3-y^3\right)=0\)
=>\(\dfrac{x-y}{\sqrt{x+2022}+\sqrt{y+2022}}+\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)=0\)
=>x-y=0
=>x=y
P=2x^2-5x^2+x^2+12x+2023
=-2x^2+12x+2023
=-2(x^2-6x-2023/2)
=-2(x^2-6x+9-2041/2)
=-2(x-3)^2+2041<=2041
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=3
- Với \(0< x;y< 1\)
\(x^2>x^{2003}\left(1\right)\)
\(y^2>y^{2003}\left(2\right)\)
\(z^2>z^{2003}\left(3\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)+\left(3\right)\Rightarrow M=x^2+y^2+z^2>x^{2003}+y^{2003}+z^{2003}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Không có giá trị max của M.
- Với \(x;y\ge1\)
\(x^2\le x^{2003}\left(1\right)\)
\(y^2\le y^{2003}\left(2\right)\)
\(z^2\le z^{2003}\left(3\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)+\left(3\right)\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\le x^{2003}+y^{2003}+z^{2003}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow Max\left(M\right)=3\left(x=y=z=1\right)\)