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Khúc đầu là: \(\dfrac{1}{a^4+b^2+2b^2}\) hay \(\dfrac{1}{a^4+b^2+2ab^2}\) ??
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\\a+b+c\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left(a;b;c\in R\right)\)
Ta có :
\(a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3abc\) (Bất đẳng thức Cauchy)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=1\left(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\right)\)
Thay \(a=b=c\) vào \(P=\dfrac{a^2+2b^2+3c^2}{3a^2+2b^2+c^2}\) ta được
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{6a^2}{6a^2}=1\)
\(3^x=y^2+2y\left(x;y>0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3^x+1=y^2+2y+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3^x+1=\left(y+1\right)^2\left(1\right)\)
- Với \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(pt\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow3^0+1=\left(0+1\right)^2\Leftrightarrow2=1\left(vô.lý\right)\)
- Với \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(pt\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow3^1+1=\left(1+1\right)^2=4\left(luôn.luôn.đúng\right)\)
- Với \(x>1;y>1\)
\(\left(y+1\right)^2\) là 1 số chính phương
\(3^x+1=\overline{.....1}+1=\overline{.....2}\) không phải là số chính phương
\(\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\) không thỏa với \(x>1;y>1\)
Vậy với \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) thỏa mãn đề bài
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\ge\dfrac{16}{2a+3b+3c}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\ge\dfrac{16}{2b+3a+3c}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{16}{2c+3a+3b}\)
cộng tất cả lại ta được \(4.2017\ge16.\left(\dfrac{1}{2a+3b+3c}+\dfrac{1}{2b+3a+3c}+\dfrac{1}{2c+3a+3b}\right)< =>P\le\dfrac{2017}{4}\)
dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a+b}=\dfrac{1}{b+c}=\dfrac{1}{a+c}\\\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}=2017\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b=c\\\dfrac{3}{2a}=\dfrac{3}{2b}=\dfrac{3}{2c}=2017\end{matrix}\right.< =>a=b=c=\dfrac{3}{4034}}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
P = 4a + 7b + 10c + \(\frac{4}{a}+\frac{1}{4b}+\frac{1}{9c}\)
P = \(3\left(a+2b+3c\right)+\left(a+\frac{4}{a}\right)+\left(b+\frac{1}{4b}\right)+\left(c+\frac{1}{9c}\right)\)
\(\ge3.4+2\sqrt{a.\frac{4}{a}}+2\sqrt{b.\frac{1}{4b}}+2\sqrt{c.\frac{1}{9c}}=\frac{53}{3}\)
Vây GTNN của P là \(\frac{53}{3}\)khi \(a=1;b=\frac{1}{2};c=\frac{1}{3}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a^2+2b^2+3=\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+2\ge2ab+2b+2=2\left(ab+b+1\right)\)
Tương tự ...
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{2\left(ab+b+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(bc+c+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(ca+a+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{abc+bc+c}+\dfrac{1}{bc+c+1}+\dfrac{bc}{ca.bc+a.bc+bc}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{1+bc+c}+\dfrac{1}{bc+c+1}+\dfrac{bc}{c+1+bc}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c+1+bc}{1+bc+c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(P_{max}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài tương tự bài dưới đây:
Câu hỏi của Nguyễn Đặng Việt Tuấn - Toán lớp 9 | Học trực tuyến
Ta chứng minh được:
\(\frac{a}{9a^3+3b^2+c}+\frac{b}{9b^3+3c^2+a}+\frac{c}{9c^3+3a^2+b}\leq \frac{2}{3}+ab+bc+ac\)
\(\Rightarrow P\leq \frac{2}{3}+2019(ab+bc+ac)\)
Mà \(ab+bc+ac\leq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\leq \frac{2021}{3}\) hay \(P_{\max}=\frac{2021}{3}\)
Đặt \(\left(a;2b;3c\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z=3\)
\(Q=\dfrac{x+1}{1+y^2}+\dfrac{y+1}{1+z^2}+\dfrac{z+1}{1+x^2}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{x+1}{1+y^2}=x+1-\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)y^2}{1+y^2}\ge x+1-\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)y^2}{2y}=x+1-\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)y}{2}\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{y+1}{1+z^2}\ge y+1-\dfrac{\left(y+1\right)z}{2}\) ; \(\dfrac{z+1}{1+x^2}\ge z+1-\dfrac{\left(z+1\right)x}{2}\)
Cộng vế:
\(Q\ge\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}+3-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(Q\ge\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}+3-\dfrac{1}{6}\left(x+y+z\right)^2=\dfrac{3}{2}+3-\dfrac{9}{6}=3\)
\(Q_{min}=3\) khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(1;\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)