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d) \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}\) và \(xyz=810\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}=k\)
=> \(x=2k\) ; \(y=3k\) ; \(z=5k\)
Thay \(x=2k;y=3k;z=5k\) vào \(xyz=810\) ta được
\(2k.3k.5k=810\)
\(30k=810\)
\(k^3=27\)
=> k = 3
=> \(x=2.3=6\)
=> \(y=3.3=9\)
=> \(z=5.3=15\)
a) Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau,ta có :
\(\dfrac{y+z+1}{x}=\dfrac{x+z+2}{y}=\dfrac{x+y-3}{z}=\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(=\dfrac{y+z+1+x+z+2+x+y-3}{x+y+z}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x+2y+2z}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{2\cdot\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y+z+1}{x}=2\Rightarrow y+z+1=2x\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+z+2}{y}=2\Rightarrow x+z+2=2y\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y-3}{z}=2\Rightarrow x+y-3=2z\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}=2\Rightarrow x+y+z=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
+) \(x+y+z=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow y+z=\dfrac{1}{2}-x\)
Thay vào \(y+z+1=2x\) ; ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{2}-x+1=2x\Rightarrow3x=\dfrac{3}{2}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
+) \(x+y+z=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x+z=\dfrac{1}{2}-y\)
Thay vào \(x+z+2=2y\) ; ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{2}-y+2=2y\Rightarrow3y=\dfrac{5}{2}\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{5}{6}\)
+) \(x+y+z=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x+y=\dfrac{1}{2}-z\)
Thay vào \(x+y-3=2z\) ; ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{2}-z-3=2z\Rightarrow3z=\dfrac{-5}{2}\Rightarrow z=\dfrac{-5}{6}\)
Vậy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{5}{6}\\z=\dfrac{-5}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 7:
x=2014 nên x-1=2013
\(A=x^{2014}-x^{2013}\left(x-1\right)-x^{2012}\left(x-1\right)-...-x\left(x-1\right)+1\)
\(=x^{2014}-x^{2014}+x^{2013}-x^{2013}+x^{2012}-...-x^2+x+1\)
=x+1
=2014+1=2015
5a.
\(\dfrac{1}{1.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.5}+....+\dfrac{1}{19.21}\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+....+\dfrac{1}{19}-\dfrac{1}{21}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{21}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{20}{21}=\dfrac{10}{21}\)
b.
\(\dfrac{1}{1.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+....+\dfrac{1}{2n-1}-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right)< \dfrac{1}{2}.1=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Bài 1:
a) \(\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{-2}{3,5}\)\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{15\cdot\left(-2\right)}{3,5}=-\dfrac{60}{7}\)
b) \(\dfrac{16}{x}=\dfrac{x}{25}\)\(\Rightarrow x^2=16\cdot25\Rightarrow x^2=400\Rightarrow x=\pm20\)
c) \(\dfrac{0,5}{0,7}=\dfrac{-0,1}{5x}\)\(\Rightarrow5x=\dfrac{\left(-0,1\right)\cdot0,7}{0,5}=-\dfrac{7}{50}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{-\dfrac{7}{50}}{5}=-0,028\)
Bài 3:
a) Theo đề, ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{25}\) và \(x+y=60\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{25}=\dfrac{x+y}{5+25}=\dfrac{60}{30}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}=2\Rightarrow x=10\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{25}=2\Rightarrow y=50\)
b) Theo đề ta có:
\(5x=3y\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{5}\) và \(x-y=-5\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{x-y}{3-5}=\dfrac{-5}{-2}=2,5\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{3}=2,5\Rightarrow x=7,5\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{5}=2,5\Rightarrow y=12,5\)
c) Theo đề ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{6}\) và \(y+z-x=8\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{6}=\dfrac{y+z-x}{4+6-2}=\dfrac{8}{8}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=1\Rightarrow x=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{4}=1\Rightarrow y=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{z}{6}=1\Rightarrow z=6\)
d) Theo đề ta có
\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{9}=\dfrac{y}{12}\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{8}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{12}=\dfrac{z}{16}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{9}=\dfrac{y}{12}=\dfrac{z}{16}\) và \(x+y-z=50\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\dfrac{x}{9}=\dfrac{y}{12}=\dfrac{z}{16}=\dfrac{x+y-z}{9+12-16}=\dfrac{50}{5}=10\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{9}=10\Rightarrow x=90\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{12}=10\Rightarrow y=120\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{z}{16}=10\Rightarrow z=160\)
e) Theo đề ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{5}\)và \(2x+3y+5z=86\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau
\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{5}=\dfrac{2x+3y+5z}{2\cdot3+3\cdot4+5\cdot5}=\dfrac{86}{43}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{3}=2\Rightarrow x=6\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{4}=2\Rightarrow y=8\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{z}{5}=2\Rightarrow z=10\)
f) Theo đề ta có
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{7}\)và \(x+y+z=-28\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{7}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2+5+7}=\dfrac{-28}{14}=-2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=-2\Rightarrow x=-4\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{5}=-2\Rightarrow y=-10\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{z}{7}=-2\Rightarrow z=-14\)
g) Theo đề ta có
\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{z}{2}\) và \(2x^2+y^2+3z^2=316\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau
\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{z}{2}=\dfrac{2x^2+y^2+3z^2}{2\cdot3^2+7^2+3\cdot2^2}=\dfrac{316}{79}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{3}=4\Rightarrow x=12\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{7}=4\Rightarrow y=28\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{z}{2}=4\Rightarrow z=8\)
\(a,A=\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{3}{11}+\dfrac{3}{13}}{\dfrac{5}{7}-\dfrac{5}{11}+\dfrac{5}{13}}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}}{\dfrac{5}{4}-\dfrac{5}{6}+\dfrac{5}{8}}\\ A=\dfrac{\dfrac{405}{572}}{\dfrac{645}{1001}}+\dfrac{\dfrac{5}{12}}{\dfrac{25}{24}}\\ A=\dfrac{189}{172}+\dfrac{2}{5}\\ A=\dfrac{1289}{860}\)
Câu 2:
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{6}=\dfrac{x-y+z}{2-4+6}=\dfrac{8}{8}=1\)
Do đó: x=2; y=4; z=6
a, \(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{4}{9}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{y}{9}\)
Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{y}{9}=\dfrac{x+y}{4+9}=\dfrac{-30}{13}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4.\left(-\dfrac{30}{13}\right)=\dfrac{-120}{13}\\y=9.\left(-\dfrac{30}{13}\right)=\dfrac{-270}{13}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy....
b, \(\dfrac{4}{x}=\dfrac{7}{y}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{y}{7}\)
Theo t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{2x-y}{2.4-7}=\dfrac{10}{1}=10\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4.10=40\\y=7.10=70\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy......
c, Theo t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{9}=\dfrac{x-zy+z}{4-9.6+9}=\dfrac{-30}{-41}=\dfrac{30}{41}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4.\dfrac{30}{41}=\dfrac{120}{41}\\y=6.\dfrac{30}{41}=\dfrac{180}{41}\\z=9.\dfrac{30}{41}=\dfrac{270}{41}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy....
Ta có :\(\dfrac{x}{y+z}=\dfrac{123-\left(y+z\right)}{y+z}\)
\(\dfrac{y}{x+z}=\dfrac{123-\left(x+z\right)}{x+z}\)
\(\dfrac{z}{y+x}=\dfrac{123-\left(y+x\right)}{y+x}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{123-\left(y+z\right)}{y+z}+\dfrac{123-\left(z+x\right)}{z+x}+\dfrac{123-\left(y+x\right)}{y+x}\)\(\Rightarrow P=123\left(\dfrac{1}{y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{z+x}\right)-3\)
\(\Rightarrow P=123.\dfrac{1}{45}-3\)
\(\Rightarrow P=-\dfrac{4}{15}\)
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